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Jacksonian Era Research Paper

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The Jacksonian ERA After losing the election of 1824 to president John Quincy Adams, Andrew Jackson returned in the next election of 1828. Jackson defeated Adams and became the seventh president of the United States. Andrew Jackson gained popularity from his role in the war of 1812. He quickly became a leader in the new Democratic Party. During his presidency he supported slavery and states’ rights. He fought against the National Bank and opposed the form of currency currently in place. However, what is remembered most for was his part in relocating the Native Americans in what was named the “Indian Removal Act”. Andrew Jackson served in office only two terms and did not seek a third. Vice president Martin Van Buren became the eight president …show more content…

This was because most of his family had been lost in the War of 1812, where Natives were allies with Brittan. The Washington government in the 1790’s, policy in the United States was mainly used to give Indians their rights, this was violated by Jackson soon after he was elected president. Andrew Jackson, who was in favor of Western expansion, forced Indians to move from their homeland. From the beginning of the United States’ government, Indian tribes were given rights to be treated as nations, and their rights had to be respected by the Constitution. For example, Henry Knox, Secretary of War in 1789, wrote to President George Washington that, “The Indians being the prior occupants, possess the right of the soil. It cannot be taken from them unless by their free consent, or by the right of conquest in case of a just war” (Document B). Which means that the Native Americans were protected of their rights of staying on American land, since they were the first to be on the land, and they could only be removed if they agreed or lost by war. However, the US government would trick Native American Tribes to agree to unfair treaties and this would be major mistakes that were being made, because it was still unfair to them, but was constitutional since they were willing to agree to these treaties. Soon after Andrew Jackson, achieved his political goals of expanding into the west. In his First Annual Message to Congress on 1829, Andrew Jackson agreed that “It has long been the policy of Government to introduce among them the arts of civilization” (Document O). He also hinted the forced removal of Indians by saying that the US government “at the same time lost no opportunity to purchase their lands and thrust them farther into the wilderness” (Document O). By the end of the Message, he showed his determination of expansion by forcing the Indians to move west of the Mississippi river, and into the

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Jackson presidency was marked as a new era in Indian-Anglo American relations by imitating a policy of Indian removal. Before the removal, he made about 70 treaties with Native American tribes both in the South and the Northwest. His First Annual Message to Congress and some others begins in December of 1829, which contained remarks on the present and future state of American Indians in the United States. He argued that it was for the Indians own well, that they should be resettled on the vacant lands west of the Mississippi River. During the time in Congress, debates on a bill didn’t begin until late February 1830.

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Jackson’s plans of removal were favored by many Americans as he convinced them that it was practical and for the better good of Native Americans. Jackson stated that he had given them many incentives to leave. Native Americans would be provided with ample supplies and supported for a year after their move to western lands. Jackson believed that this was a practical resolution to the issues developing between the two nations. Jackson acknowledged that the intrusion of Americans onto western land was occurring, but he did not believe that it was a genuine problem.

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Andrew Jackson during his time was considered a very patriotic politician he hated the rich, he hated the Indian, and loved the idea of slavery. It has been said that he grew up not educated and had a bad up bring but still managed to get to a high political suture. Jackson at one point was general and had a very decorated portfolio, which made sense he would become president, Andrew was most well know for “The Battle of New Orleans” where Andrew Jackson, prevented the British Army and General Edward Pakenham, from seizing New Orleans nearing the end of that war.

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The government had been acquiring native land through cessions from as early as the 1720s (Document A). These land treaties had been a common occurrence for over a century. Jackson was no different in that sense, as the Indian Removal Act was seemingly rooted in the same motivations for expansion as the settlers that came before him. Furthermore, the majority of Americans during and leading up to the Indian Removal Act shared the same view of the Indians’ future as inhabitants of the United States. Most leaders of the country agreed that the Indians should be moved westward, so the territories in the Southeast could be further developed (Foner 280).

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When the U.S started to rapidly expand westward, there were major conflicts between white settlers and the Native Americans who occupied those regions. The need to push Native Americans out of their ancestral lands led to President Andrew Jackson’s speech concerning the Indian Removal Act on December 6, 1830. The Indian Removal Act was put in place by the United States government to move the Native Americans west of the Mississippi River into what was described to be “Indian Territory” (Bentley, 2011, p. 679). In his speech, President Andrew Jackson stated that the Indian Removal Act would “ Place a dense and civilized population in large tracts of country now occupied by a few savage hunters.” It was very evident that the Native Americans were in fact portrayed as savages and unequal to the American people.

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Although this treaty explicitly stated the Indians’ rights to land, history- and even the Act itself- proved that Americans followed it very loosely, if at all. The Trade and Intercourse Act seemed to dampen the consequences of violating Indian land rights since it included the phrase, “not exceeding,” when referring to the jail- time and fees that any invasive Americans had to pay. 3. Andrew Jackson proposed moving the Indians because he wanted to end the tensions between the Federal and State Governments concerning Natives, to condense the Indian population in a single expanse of land, to open the area between Tennessee and Louisiana to the whites, and to prevent Indian and American conflicts. In the second paragraph of his Message to Congress in1829, Jackson said that the United States should move the Indians because it would put “an end to all possible danger of collisions between the authorities of the General and State Governments on account of the Indians.”

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