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James Ingraham V. Wright Case Study

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Whether aware of it or not, the government plays a constant role in the every day lives of everyone. It is no different when it comes to the world of education. Overtime, multitudes of court case rulings have shaped how schools operate. As both an educator, student, and even parent, it is very important to be informed of the laws that make education what it is today. One case, Tinker v. Des Moines ISD dealt with the issue of free speech in schools. John and Mary Beth Tinker and friend Chris Eckhart disapproved of the war in Vietnam and decided to protest. They decided to wear black armbands to school to show their disapproval. School administrators requested that the students remove their armbands. However, the students refused and were suspended. …show more content…

Wright was a case on the topic of corporal punishment in schools. James Ingraham, an eighth grade student at a school in Miami got in trouble for acting out in the school auditorium. He was sent to the principal’s office, where the administrator decided to give him five swats with a paddle. The student, claiming he had not done anything wrong, refused the punishment. Ingraham was then held down and swatted twenty times with the paddle. After the punishment, he suffered bruises that had to receive medical attention and was kept out of school for ten days due to the injury. Ingraham’s parents decided to sue the school, claiming that this use of corporal punishment had been a violation of the protection against “cruel and unusual punishment” as stated in the Eighth Amendment. The Supreme Court ruled in favor of the school. They explained that physical punishment at school does not interfere with the Constitution. Whether or not corporal punishment is permitted is decided by individual states and individual school districts. This type of punishment is allowed in 22 states and banned in …show more content…

v. Jane Doe. A school district in Texas allowed a student “chaplain,” who had been elected by a group of students, to lead a prayer over the PA system prior to the start of all home football games. A group of students, along with their parents, sued the school district, claiming the event violated the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment, which states, “Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting free exercise.” It was decided by the Supreme Court that the Sante Fe school district’s current prayer policy was unconstitutional. Although a student was saying the prayer, it was still a school sponsored event. Currently, it is acceptable for a group of students to initiate a prayer, as long as a coach, teacher, or other faculty member is not

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Citation: Tinker v. Des Moines Independent School District (1969) Facts: In Des Moines, Iowa, a group of individuals met at a home to discuss ways to protest the United States involvement in the Vietnam War. The group decided beginning on December 16th and lasting until New Year’s Day, the members of the group would fast and wear black armbands to show their opposition to the war. School officials became aware of the students’ protest and implemented a policy that any student wearing a black armband would be asked to remove it. If the students did not remove the armband, then the student would be suspended.

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The Supreme Court case of Engel v. Vitale’s decision was based on the establishment clause. The case of Engel v. Vitale struck down state organized prayer in school. The prayer had government endorsement and was thus considered unconstitutional. The Supreme Court case of Oregon v. Smith used the free exercise clause the basis of their decision.

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303 Words | 2 Pages

The wore black armbands in a protest against the government policies during the Vietnam war. The Tinkers tries to fight the suspension with the district court but the district court was in favor with the school so the Thinkers had to take it further. The next step was to take it to the supreme court. The tinkers took it to the Supreme court and the majority vote wat that it was unconstitutional for the school to

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588 Words | 3 Pages

You Will Be The Judge Facts: The case involves a 12 year old child named Griffin Grimbly who told the teacher that he was beaten with a clothesline by his father Mr.Gimli. In court, the Mr.Gimli argued that he was devoted to Christian and was following the Biblical injunction on child rearing, “Spare the rod and spoil the child”, as well as arguing that s 43 of the criminal code gives parents the right to use “reasonable force” in disciplining their children. Issue: Is Mr. Grimbly is guilty of or not guilty of assault ? Held: Mr.Grimbly is guilty of assault.

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Business Law Case Study Essay: Burwell v. Hobby Lobby, 573 U.S (2014) Facts: The Green family runs and owns Hobby Lobby Stores, Inc., a national arts and skills chain that has over 500 stores and they have over 13,000 employees. Other facts of the case are that the Green family has been able to organize the business around the values of the Christian faith and has explicitly expressed the desire to run the company as told by Biblical principles, one of which is the belief that the utilization of contraception is wicked. Also, the facts show that under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA), occupation -founded group health care plans must offer certain sorts of preventative care, for example, FDA-accepted contraceptive approaches.

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Sullivan vs. Florida was a very high profiled case in 1989. Joe Sullivan was a 13-year-old African American boy, who was also mentally disabled. Joe was accused of sexually assaulting an elderly white woman hours after he and 2 other juveniles robbed her for her jewelry and coins. Joe was the youngest child to be sentenced to life in prison without the possibility of parole. He was tried as an adult because he a prior felony conviction on his record (Sullivan v. Florida).

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The Tinker versus Des Moines court case involved three minors, John Tinker, Mary Beth Tinker and Christopher Eckhart. These three wore black armbands to their schools to protest the Vietnam War and were suspended following this action. Circuit courts and the Court of Appeals in Iowa ruled that the black armbands were inappropriate attire for school. This case was then brought to a higher-up court. Eventually, this case was brought before the Supreme Court.

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Because the wearing of the black armbands did not interfere or disrupt the school day of the students, the majority ruled that the students should not have been suspended. By punishing these students, the Des Moines Independent Community School District violated the first amendment and fourteen amendment rights of these

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Nabozny v. Podlesny (1996) was a case heard in the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit regarding the protection of a school student in Ashland, Wisconsin, who had been harassed and bullied by classmates because of his sexual orientation. The plaintiff in the case—Jamie Nabozny—sought damages from school officials for their failure to protect him from the bullying. A jury found that this failure violated Nabozny's constitutional rights and awarded him $962,000 in damages.[1][2] Contents [hide] 1 Background 2 The case 3 Reception and significance 4 References 5 External links Background[edit] Jamie Nabozny (born October 1975) went to the local public middle school in the small Wisconsin town of Ashland, where his parents

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The issue in this case was whether school-sponsored nondenominational prayer in public schools violates the Establishment clause of the first amendment (Facts and Case Summary - Engel v. Vitale, n.d.). This case dealt with a New York state law that had required public schools to open each day with the Pledge of Allegiance and a nondenominational prayer in which the students recognized their dependence upon God (Facts and Case Summary - Engel v. Vitale, n.d.). This law had also allowed students to absent themselves from this activity if they found that it was objectionable. There was a parent that sued the school on behalf of their child. Their argument was that the law violated the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment, as made applicable

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372 Words | 2 Pages

In 1962, the Supreme Court case “Engle v. Vitale” ruled that school prayer could no longer be performed in public classrooms because it was offensive to some families’ religious beliefs. The arguments revolved around the different interpretations and understandings of the 1st Amendment that stated, “Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof;” Those opposed to school prayer claimed that it violated their personal/religious beliefs; because their children were forced to pray to a God they did not believe existed. They thought that religious activities should be separate from government policies and remain a “function to the people themselves.” On the other hand, those supporting

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650 Words | 3 Pages

On June 25, 1962, a Supreme Court case, Engel v. Vitale, 370 U.S. 421, was decided. The lawsuit was brought to the United States Supreme Court by parents (of students who attended schools in the Herricks School District) who complained that a nondenominational prayer instituted by the New York Board of Regents in their district was unconstitutional. The parents argued that the prayer, although optional, violated their First Amendment Rights. When the 6-1 (two justices did not vote) decision was made, it was ruled that voluntary prayer in public schools violates the Establishment Clause in the First Amendment of the United States Constitution. One concurring opinion was given, and the single judge that did not vote the same as the rest provided

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442 Words | 2 Pages

Smith refused to provide accommodations. While Ms. Howard believed she was acting in the best interest of the student, she failed to contact Keesha’s parents about what had happened in the science classroom. Thus, Keesha’s parents were not given the opportunity to advocate on the behalf of their child (Weishaar and Scott, 2006, p. 72). If they had the opportunity, the parents could have filed a formal complaint or discussed this issue with the special education director of the district (PACER, 2005).

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1972 Words | 8 Pages

Board of Education is a very important landmark case. This case addressed the constitutionality of segregation in public schools back in the early 1950s. When the case was heard in a U.S. District Court a three-judge panel ruled in favor of the school boards. The plaintiffs then appealed to the U.S. Supreme Court. The Supreme Court went through all its procedures and eventually decided that “Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal” ().

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1220 Words | 5 Pages

In 1969, the U.S. Supreme Court case Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District upheld the right to freedom of speech of students to protest the Vietnam war by wearing black armbands. The case explained the problem that “students do not “shed their constitutional rights to freedom of speech or expression at the schoolhouse gate.” (Student) As students, we are free to express ourselves through what we wear. As students, we have every right to proclaim our beliefs

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