Braford E. Burns began writing The Poverty of Progress as a historical essay arguing against the “modernization” of nineteenth century Latin America. Burns argues that modernization was preformed against the will of the majority and benefited a small group of Creole Elite, while causing an exponential drop in the quality of life for folk majority. Burns supports his research through a series of dichotomies. Within the first twenty years of the nineteenth century the majority of Latin America gained independence from Spain.
In this paper, the epic journey and expedition of Cabeza de Vaca would be discussed that why is his tale significant to understand the Spanish invasion of the Americas, what communication difficulties did he faced and what were the main aspects of his journey and our learning’s about native societies. 1. Alvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca (c.1490-c.1560) was born in Jeréz de la Frontera, Spain, to a respectable family; his initial profession was in the military. It was from San Lúcar de Barrameda that Cabeza de Vaca was to start his first venture in 1527 and, he was delegated second in charge of an expedition headed up by Panfilo de Narváez, who needed to assert the domain from Florida to Mexico for Spain. . Cabeza de Vaca's family had a long history of renowned support of Spanish eminence.
The Maya and Cherokee colonialism is the “policy or practice of acquiring full, or partial political control over another country, occupying it with settlers, and exploiting it economically.” Both the Maya and Cherokee indigenous people had similar colonial experience involving different wars, and disease of their lands. The Maya colonial period was from 1520’s-1821. The civilization occupied a wide territory that included southeastern Mexico and northern Central America, and all of the territory now incorporated into the modern countries of Guatemala and Belize, as well as the western portions of Honduras and El Salvador.
One reason that the creoles lead the revolution is the massive economic issue that occurred in Latin America. There was a drought in early Mexico in 1808-09 this destroyed the harvest, as well as tripled the food prices. “In 1908-09 drought produced a great mortality among Mexico's livestock and decimated (destroyed) the harvest... Food prices tripled. ”(Document D).
In order to discover riches and find new flourishing land for the taking. These expeditions did affect their pocket book, giving them treasure from exploring and demolishing the Aztecs and Incas. This certainly impacted the Americas, as there isn’t an Aztec or Inca empire anymore. They came upon the indigenous people with
The independence of Latin America was marked by the destruction of population, farms, mines, and trade. Consequently, Latin America lacked the resources needed to develop itself and was largely dependent on foreign investment from Europe and America. Strayer supports this by arguing that “Latin America as a whole became more closely integrated into a world economy driven by the industrialization of Western Europe and North America” Hence Latin America was not able to partake in the industrialization or create an ecosystem supportive of local innovation and depended on foreign investment for technology. Moreover, this meant that the technology introduced to Latin America was limited to the interests of these foreign investors in Latin America which were mainly related to agriculture. Strayer further supplements this argument as “By l9IO, U.S. business interests controlled 40% of Mexican property and produced half of its oil.”
In the 1930s, the president of Mexico, Cardenas, was in imperialism. He was introduced nationalism and land reformation. The mexicans wanted the British to side with them because the ability of certain workers. In 1938, Mexico nationalised mainly British oil companies. Mexico is part of one federal district and is made up of 31 states.
When Pizarro and his crew reached South America, they took over the Incan’s land by having better methods of transportation, mechanical advantages, and having more experience than the Incas. This helped the Spanish rule increase exponentially. Transportation has always played a key role in World History. On November 16,
The Colombian exchange created a great cultural impact on The Americas which can be seen even today. Wiping out up to ninety percent of Native Americans, the settlers that came to America created a biological imperialism on another scale. The demand from European countries for exportation quickly created a market that settlers could benefit from and Native Americans could not compete with. Deforestation started on a massive scale due to the high availability of lumber, and seas quickly started to be depleted of fish. The introduction of livestock and agriculture created an environmental revolution.
When the settlers went to start up the agricultural industry in the rural areas of Latin America, there was obviously a smaller population of both natives and Europeans in that region. Colonisers needed workers and locals needed work; both parties had no choice but to interact with one another. Ortiz states that everybody was “snatched from their original social groups, their own cultures destroyed and crushed under the weight of the cultures in existence here” (Ortiz 1947: 98). As the Europeans needed to raise funds in order to pay for their transportation costs from home, they required gold, silver and sugar for export. For the workers gathering these resources, the indigenous people supplied them food and clothes.
The intended audience of the article “ The Columbian Exchange- a History of Disease, Food and Ideas” are scholars and students. The article has large amount of statistics provided about the amount of production of certain foods in certain countries, the amount of exchange between the old world and the new world and the top consuming countries for various new world foods. The foods discovered also includes their benefits and harms. 2. The author’s main argument is that the new world has several impacts on the old world which includes many pros and cons.
The Spanish colonized to expand their empire economically through resource
In 1494, the Treaty of Tordesillas was established in order to evenly divide unclaimed lands between Portugal and Spain. This led to the Line of Demarcation, in which the non-European world was divided into two zones. Portugal had rights to the eastern hemisphere, and Spain had rights to the western hemisphere. This allowed Spain to colonize areas in the New World. Even though they had this opportunity, they were not able to colonize specific areas in North America due to competition with other European countries.
The Broken Spears: The Aztec Account of the Conquest of Mexico, by Miguel León-Portilla is a singular account of the conquest of the Aztecs in the early 16th century, from the Indigenous perspective. As J. Jorge Klor De Alva writes in the “Forward”: “victors ordinarily write history” (p.xi), and the Spanish point of view, based on the conquistadors’ account of their encounter with the natives of South America is generally the common understanding of the conquest. León-Portilla recounts the conquest in a chronological order, which allows greater clarity for the non-specialist reader. The Broken Spears is split into sixteen chapters, each preceded by an “Introduction”, which summarize the chapter’s contents, the sources used, and any discrepancies
A quote which describes this best is one by Uruguayan journalist Eduardo Galeano “Latin America is the region of open veins. Everything, from the discovery until our times, has always been transmuted into European— or later United States— capital, and as such has accumulated in distant centers of power. Everything: the soil, its fruits and its mineral-rich depths, the people and their capacity to work and to consume, natural resources and human resources” (Galeano,
