Transcript of 02.06 Introduction to Photosynthesis Light-Dependent Reaction : The energy releasing, light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis turn light energy into chemical energy. Which transfers this energy to ATP and NADPH, this then happens in the stacks of thylakoids of chloroplasts. ATP and NADPH are needed for the energy that is used in the light-dependent reaction.
Chemical Reactions March 25, 2024 Marcia Rowe Instructor: Julie Wenz CHMY 105- Exploration of chemistry Introduction: The objective of the chemical reaction experiment is to gain familiarity with several types of chemical changes through the implementation of a series of tests. Chemical reactions are processes that typically involve a chemical change, where the initial substances (reactants) differ from the resulting products. The presence of an arrow indicating the product signifies the occurrence of a chemical change. This experiment involves making observations, collecting data, and recording the outcomes.
In the above hypotheses, the research done previous to the lab supported the alternate hypotheses for the colored lights in relation to the dim lights, and the null hypothesis for the experiment in which both sides of the chamber had dim light. The dim light on Side B of the chamber would be favored because, in a previous study, D. Melanogaster were exposed to different illuminations, and “their favorite resting, grooming, and feeding places were determined with an infrared-sensitive camera.” Additionally, the study used infrared beams to collect data on the activity levels of the flies during their most active period of the day under different light intensities. Each of these methods demonstrated D. Melanogaster’s preference for dim light occurring “between 5 and 10 Lux” (Rieger et al.).
The light dependent reaction is vital for photosynthesis to take place. There are six stages to this reaction. Stage one breaks down bond in water to form oxygen, while this is taking place electrons are freed along with hydrogen. This stage happens to take place in the thylakoid space. Stage two involves electrons moving to photosystem II.
photosynthesis and cellular respiration are extremely important in the cycle of energy to sustain life simply because nutrients would not metabolize in a productive manner. Both have numerous stages in which the process of energy occurs, and relationships with organelles located in the eukaryotic cell. Photosynthesis is a process by which green plant and other organism manufacture their food using sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water while cellular respiration is the oxidation of organic compounds that occurs within cells, producing energy for cellular processes. Photosynthesis occurs within organelles called chloroplasts. These organelles can absorb light, and are located inside of leaves.
1.)The Petri dish that is exposed to purely white light is demonstrating the light reaction within photosynthesis. However the Petri dish that was placed in the drawer without an ounce of light, illustrates the dark reaction or in other words the Calvin cycle. Further more the light reaction in photosynthesis requires solar energy in order to absorb co2 and h2o and produce oxygen, therefore the spinach exposed to white light was able to under go photosynthesis and float to the top. In contrast the dark reaction depends upon the ATP made during the light reaction to form glucose. 2.)Green light would be the least effective wavelength for promoting photosynthesis, due to the fact that most plants reflect green wavelengths and absorb red, blue, and orange.
The first goal of the lab was to identify conserved sequence segments in the ykkCD sensor RNA of Bacillus subtilis. Toxin sensors that do not change throughout evolution have a substantial role for the cell, even significant roles in tetracycline recognition. Using RNA sequences and computer programs, secondary structures of the ykkCD sensors were created. Figure 1 shows a prediction of the secondary structure of a ykkCD senor RNA of Bacillus subtilis that has been conserved throughout its evolution. Figure 1: The secondary structure prediction for Bacillus subtilis ykkCD sensor RNA.
The experiment’s findings support that at lower light levels photolysis is hardly occurring due to photons just barely striking the photosystems in chlorophyll. The resulted in fewer electrons in gaining energy and becoming excited. Thus meaning that fewer oxygen molecules are released because there are now fewer electrons needed to be replaced. As the intensity increases, the more photons are colliding with one another in the photosystems resulting in an increase of electrons to a higher energy level. These electrons produce NADPH.
In the reaction mechanism, magnesium and anhydrous diethyl ether were added to bromobenzene (the limiting reagent). Adding the bromobenzene to the magnesium turnings quickly would form a biphenyl bi-product. Therefore, when added at the proper rate, this allowed magnesium to form a bond with bromine and with the alpha carbon that bromine was originally attached to. The magnesium then took the two electrons that it shared with the alpha carbon, making itself positively charged, and then detached itself from the molecule, creating a phenyl carbanion. The nucleophile then attacked the carbon on carbon dioxide, pushing the electron that the carbon shared with oxygen, onto the oxygen giving it a negative charge.
Although, there are different equations for the two processes; plants can actually do both. When they have light, they use that as an energy source to make sugar. When it is dark, and light is unavailable to plants - they use cellular respiration to break down sugars to release the energy that they consistently need. So, the complete cycle
The process occurs in the stroma and it produces G3P, which is used for carbohydrates such as glucose. Light-dependent reactions, on the other hand, rely on the presence of light energy. The process occurs in the thylakoid and it produces ATP, NADPH, and oxygen as a by-product. Chlorophyll contains a porphyrin ring that allows the free movement of electrons to easily gain or lose them. It is the most abundant pigment for photosynthesis as it absorbs light
This specific sort of chemical reaction is known as chemiluminescence, which is basically the emitted light caused by a chemical reaction, which doesn’t result in significant heat. The amount of catalyst needed to actually conduct the reaction is minimal, in
Introduction Photosynthesis is one of the most important sections of biology and has always interested me. This process is affected by many aspects which drove me to question if one can identify the effect of high and low light intensity specifically from leaves on any plant. The structure, dimensions and pigments of a leaf should (theoretically) all be indicators of the type of light intensity environment the plant is situated in. Light intensity is one of the factors affecting the rate of photosynthesis.
Dual Wave-Particle Nature Light Describe what is meant by the dual wave-particle nature of light The dual nature of light refers to the fact that light can act as both a wave and a particle In his experiment, Young shone light between two parallel slits, causing the light waves to interfere with each other and form a patter of dark and light bands. If light was primarily a particle, it would have formed two parallel lines.
Introduction: What is photosynthesis? The chemical progress of photosynthesis is when a green plant and sometimes other organisms produce O2 (oxygen) by using the light energy from the sun, CO2 (carbon dioxide) and water. The green colour pigment is created by chlorophyll in the plant. 6 CO2 + 6 H2O –> C6H12O6 + 6O2 Carbon dioxide + Water –> Glucose + Oxygen Research question:
