The plot is totally centered on the figure of Winston, that is what could be the "everyman", a gray and anonymous government official, from life miserable and apparently empty, but will power within themselves the seeds of a radical rebellion against the system.
Central themes are obviously those of totalitarianism and putting truth manipulation going on for all dictatorial systems: the hallucinatory world of Orwell becomes clear modus operandi of every totalitarianism, which controls public opinion by spreading false news and preventing all forms of free expression of thought. In this sense the "newspeak" theorized by Orwell is an incredibly powerful tool, because it will clear in a moment both the words and the concepts to which they refer: in this way is not only the present to be manipulated, but also the past. Central in this regard, it is also the obsessive image-fetish presence of Big Brother which, though potentially a virtual entity, actually exerts an almost total control over everything and everyone through this image Orwell warns
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So confused and instinctive, without realizing it in fully conscious way, Winston understands that only by saving the collective past from oblivion will be able to "resist" to the Party's power system. Save as much as possible, the historical truth is the only way to oppose the single thought of Big Brother, although it is impossible to do from documents and traditional historical sources, which are all handled (emblematic in this regard, the step where Winston reads a passage from a book of children's story in which he describes - of course manipulating reality - life in the second British war, or during what Orwell was