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Martin Luther And Julius Calvin Summary Chapter 8

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Calvin based his entire theology and writings on his belief that God is all powerful. He believes that God controls everyone and everything, including our salvation. Throughout Institutes of the Christian Religion, specifically in chapter XXI, Calvin acknowledges that his thoughts on predestination are highly debated and goes to great lengths to explain and reason it. Calvin believes that we are incompetent as human beings because we are inherently sinful, therefore, we are incapable of determining right and wrong. He teaches in Book III, Chapter XXI that individuals are assigned to one of two destinations before they are born, either heaven or hell, in Part II Calvin explains that we must accept God’s reasoning without question because it is …show more content…

He discusses how one man is not holy and therefore elect but rather one is holy because they are the elect, he also writes “For when it is said that believers were elected that they might be holy, it is at the same time intimated that the holiness which was to be in them has no origin in election” (Calvin, pg 225). This proves that the election has no relation to one’s earthly works and that salvation is not based on merit but instead God’s grace. God takes it upon himself to determine mankind's faith, after the fall no salvation would be granted upon men based on merit because of our inclination to pursue evil. Calvin discussed how each individual has different circumstances and conditions but none are predestined based one that, he states, “It is certainly not more equitable that individuals should enjoy the privilege which they have not acquired by any merit, than that he should variously distribute favors as seems to him meet” (Calvin, pg 224). Salvation is not according to each individual and how they live their lives or what cards they were dealt on earth but instead all humans are predestined through God’s

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As Calvin continued to preach on salvation by grace through faith he also was working on implementing this into the government system and reforming the church even further. Calvin was invited to Geneva to work with the government and reform the city. He strived to create a city that was a reflection of Christian principles hoping it to be a “model Christian city”. He didn’t want just the government to be built upon these principles he wanted to get into the everyday lives of the people and make sure social aspects were built upon God’s authority. This was implemented by having elders of the church also be magistrates in the city.

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Predestination states that you are preselected to receive salvation or damnation upon death. Calvin preached that everyone was predestined and you could never know exactly which you were destined. However, he did identify three tests that give insight into thos that would be saved after death.

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John Calvin was a French Theologian who and was the leader of the Protestant Reformation (John Calvin, World History: Ancient and Medieval Eras). He first had studied to become a priest then became fascinated with theology and started to study it (John Calvin, World History: Ancient and Medieval Eras). The church taught that if you are not a part of God than you will not go into heaven. John Calvin believed that all people are flawed and corrupt so because of this they can not understand or take part in his salvation (John Calvin, World History: Ancient and Medieval Eras). John Calvin’s moral was everyone should live a moral life and hope that God will save them (John Calvin, World History: Ancient and Medieval Eras).

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al., 412). Calvin decreed that stricter rules and defied temporal authorities. Calvin also rejected the hierarchy structure within the church. He believed that “each congregation should elect its own ministers, and assemblies of ministers and “elders: were to govern the reformed church as a whole” (Coffin, et. al., 412).

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John was a thinker and writer around the time Elizabeth became Queen. Calvin’s big idea was over pre-destination which was ultimately explaining how God selects who will be saved

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He was a huge follower of Luther’s teaching and agreed with Luther’s views on sin and salvation thus believing that if you are to sin you mean it and that you are to only be forgiven if you are truly apologetic. John Calvin also believed in the concept of

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To begin with, there are five points of Calvinism that, according to David N. Steele and Curtis C. Thomas, lay the foundation for this religion.[endnoteRef:1] The first of these five points focuses on the total inability (or depravity) of man. Steele and Thomas, in their book The Five Points of Calvinism: Defined, Defended, Documented, define this first as point as follows: [1: Steele, David N. and Curtis C. Thomas, The Five Points of Calvinism: Defined, Defended, Documented. (Ed. J. Marcellus Kik. Phillipsburg, NJ: Presbyterian and Reformed Publishing Company,

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One of the main beliefs of Calvinism was Christians could do nothing to earn salvation, because God had chosen people for salvation before they were born. Another belief was the idea of predestination this meant that If individuals were condemned there was nothing they could do about it. Calvan thought that such a belief was awful to think about. However it still attracted many followers and became very important in the Protestant Reformation. His ideas spread throughout Europe.

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In 1536 an Institute had given Calvin a reputation for the Protestant leaders, while Calvin spent the night in Genevalate, the preacher and reformer of Guillaume was creating Protestantism in the town. He persuaded him to continue to help in this line of work, his influence has not only persevered in the Church of England, where Calvin was greatly respected among those Puritans who were unfortunately separated from the Anglican Establishment, but also persisted in the Reformed churches of France, Scotland, Hungary, Germany, and the Netherlands. The latter was formulated into their own personal churches, Congregational or Presbyterian, which is what eventually brought Calvinism to North America. Even in today’s modern society these wonderful churches, along with the authentic Reformed Church and German Evangelical, recognize John Calvin as one of their founding fathers.

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John Calvin also helped shape people’s opinions on Protestantism which he promoted as already known. So John Calvin was able to turn Geneva from Catholicism to Protestantism. So in the end John Calvin was therefore able to have an impact on the Reformation because he was very involved with the movement and introduction of Protestantism and also was able to introduce many other things into Europe. So in the end during the Reformation John Calvin overall carried a strong, spiritual and political stance and legacy

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When examining three of these differences in doctrine, and how Calvin’s prayers from the Commentary on Hosea touch on the subject, one can clearly see how the prayers illustrate the conflict between Roman Catholicism and the Protestant Reformation that was beginning. The first one of these conflicts was the issue of sanctification. In his first prayer, John Calvin is heard pleading with God that grace will remain extended to him and other believers. He admits that there is sin and wrongdoings in each and every person’s lives and prays that the Lord will restore his heart to a holy and righteous state. This process of being continually renewed to a state of righteousness and pure heart is often referred to as sanctification.

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Calvin was extremely vocal about his contempt for the sale of indulgences, the sacrament of penance and most of all, the overwhelming pressure to perform enough “good deeds” to be accepted into Heaven, induced by the Roman Catholic Church. King Henry VIII was also against the authority of the papacy, as seen through the fact he decided to reform the Church of England in an attempt to overpower the influence of the pope. Though he had originally done so so he would be able to divorce his wife, it is clear that his decision to reform the Church was also a power move as after the Reformation, control of England laid solely with the king. While Calvin and King Henry VIII’s willingness to speak out against the pope qualifies as a similarity between the two Reformations, it is important to realize again, the motivations behind the two. While Calvin’s willingness to speak out specifically about the corruption of the pope and the Roman Catholic Church illustrates his religious motivations, King Henry VIII’s decision to break from the Roman Catholic Church was more so a power play then a crusade for a reformed and righteous

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