Mastitis Research Paper

Mastitis is one of the most problematic diseases and continues to have a major economic impact on the dairy industry throughout the world (Bachaya et al., 2011). A total of about 140 microbial species, subspecies and serovars have been isolated from the bovine mammary gland (Radostits et al., 2007). Among infectious agents, bacterial pathogens are considered to be the major threat to mammary gland. In Asia, major mastitis causing organisms are Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococci, E. coli, Corynebacterium spp. and Klebsella spp., and recent reports indicating the changing trends from Staphylococcus aureus to Coagulase Negative Staphylococci (CNS) as major mastitis causing organism (Sharma et al., 2012). Different pathogens can cause chronic,

2011). In subclinical mastitis, there are no obvious clinical signs instead there is an increase in somatic cell counts of the milk (Radostits et al., 2007). A large number of bacteria have been isolated and identified by several researchers as causal agents of SCM which include Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococci, streptococci, Bacillus sp., Corynebacterium sp., Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas sp., Klebsiella sp., Enterobacter sp. Acinetobacter sp., Actinobacillus sp., Vibrio sp., Micrococcus species, Lactococcus lactis ssp lactis, Yersinia sp. and Neisseria sp. (Abrahmsen et al., 2014; Mamache et al., 2014; Marimuthu et al., 2014; Ayano et al., 2013; Duguma et al., 2013; Umar et al., 2013; Hussein 2012 and Persson et al.,

It is responsible for 70% of economic losses and has a prominent place amongst the factors that limit milk production (Heleili et al., 2012). In Bangladesh, the annual economic losses occur due to reduced milk production alone caused by SCM have been estimated to be Taka 122.6 (US $ 2.11) million (Kader et al., 2003). Besides causing huge losses to milk production, the sub-clinically affected animals remain a continuous source of infection to other herd