Depression is the common cold of mental disorders. Everyone in the world will more than likely have to deal directly or indirectly with some form of depression. Depression is characterized by a number of common symptoms such as sadness, anxiousness, or “empty” mood, and feelings of hopelessness that lasts nearly every day or for an extensive amount of time. while there are many forms of depression Dysthymic, bipolar, postpartum and atypical are some of the most common forms of depression. What was previously known as "melancholia" and is now known as clinical depression, major depression, or just simply depression. "melancholia" can be dated as far back as the classical times . The term depression was derived from the Latin verb deprimere, …show more content…
Only since the 1930s has depression been categorized as an ‘illness’ in western medical diagnostic manuals. Freud theorized in 1917 that objective loss, such as the loss of a valued relationship through death or a romantic break-up, results in subjective loss as well. The DSM-I (1952) contained depressive reaction and the DSM-II (1968) depressive neurosis, defined as an excessive reaction to internal conflict or an identifiable event . Starting in the 1950s, Albert Ellis argued that depression stemmed from irrational "should" and "musts" leading to inappropriate self-blame, self-pity, or other-pity in times of adversity. Starting in the 1960s, Aaron Beck developed the theory that depression results from a "cognitive triad" of negative thinking patterns, or "schemas," about oneself, one's future, and the world. A half century ago, diagnosed depression was either endogenous , considered a biological condition, or reactive meaning neurotic , a reaction to stressful events. Major depressive disorder was introduced by a group of