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Mind Brain And Programs By John Searle Analysis

866 Words4 Pages

Computers Can Not Be Considered People In his essay, “Minds, Brains, and Programs,” John Searle discusses the Chinese room experiment and the concept of whether computers can be considered people or not. In my paper, I will be discussing Searle’s ideas and defending his argument that computers lack the qualities necessary to be considered people. I will also be defending Searle’s claim against the objections raised by William Lycan, who believes that computers can be considered people as they possess some of the qualities of a conscious mind. Searle begins the essay by discussing the difference between strong and weak AI. Weak AI is the principal value of the computer in the study of the mind is that it gives us a powerful tool (Searle …show more content…

The first sheet has just symbols, and the second sheet has symbols but the person is also given a sheet of instructions in English. The person then uses these instructions to decode the symbols. Even though this person does not speak Chinese, they can use these instructions to correlate one set of symbols to another to give a response. After a while, the person gets so good at following the instructions and the programmers get so good at writing the programs that from an external point of view the answers are indistinguishable from those of native Chinese speakers (Searle …show more content…

Searle talks about putting information into computers, “if you type in 2 plus 2 equals” the computer will respond “4”. (Searle 356). However, the computer lacks understanding of what four means or that it means anything at all. This lack of understanding could be interpreted as a lack of consciousness. He then brings up the point that computers have syntax but no semantics, this implies that computers can give programmed responses but have no understanding of those responses. This supports Searle’s idea that computers can not be classified as people due to a lack of

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He identifies with the computer in the scene rather than the robotic human and seems to suggest that internet is going to cause us to become more machine-like than machines themselves. A human is malleable, by being changed

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Carr describes the way our brains have changed as a consequence of using media. He later reports that when new or improved technology enters our lives, we begin to take on the qualities of those technologies, because it changes our “intellectual technologies”. He also uses the analogy of a clock, presenting the idea that we eat, work, sleep, and rise based on what time of day it is, instead of listening to our own senses. Carr then uses the claim from a 1936 British mathematician named Alan Turing that computing systems are subsuming most of our other intellectual technologies such as our map and our clock, our printing press and our typewriter, our calculator and our telephone, and our radio and our television. Likewise, he explains how the internet assumes what we are thinking and injects its context with hyperlinks, blinking ads, headlines, and other propaganda.

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I partially disagree with the last statement because although I do recognize that we are becoming more dependent on what our computers can do, there are some aspects in which a computer can totally fail but a human wont. A Computer can provide you with outstanding amounts of information that anyone may require to complete a task, but no one should expect the computer to do all the job, it is only a tool that provides us with some of the means to achieve a goal, the rest will depend on human help. One good contradiction to this is the fact that some people will preffer to speak to a machine rather than a human, but that problem should not only be blamed on computers but rather the way in which one develop and performs

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All humans have a brain, and we must use them as they are the most important organ that keeps us alive; we make connections with others by using it, so one should never put it to waste. His last sentence, “As we come to rely on computers to mediate our understanding of the world, it is our own intelligence that flattens into artificial intelligence”. This has a reader thinking about themselves, and what actions they continue to take, with how much the Internet is being consumed, and how little use it is providing them and their

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He suggests humans have more controlling over machines. He supports his thought by referring to computers in chess that “the computer has no intuition at all, it analyzes the game using brute force [and] inspects the pieces currently on the board, then calculates all options” (Thompson 343). He points out that the way computer thinks is “fundamentally unhuman” and it is the player who runs the program and decides which moves to take (Thompson 343). After all, computers are just tools that we use to optimize accuracy and

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712 Words | 3 Pages

He thinks that access to new types of technology like the internet and advanced computing has given us a big advantage and has helped even make us smarter. He feels that computers and the internet are an amazing tool to be used by us to accomplish great things and even simple tasks with amazing speed and precision. In his essay, he talks about the affect computers had on the game of chess a lot. He talks about the original question that is prompted, “Which is smarter at chess-humans or computers? Neither.

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It means that AI cannot replace humans, but it can help humans work more efficiently. The article tries to persuade that audience that AI could be a beneficial support that can simplify learning as well as teacher-student relationships. Lastly, the author writes in a formal tone, especially for students, professors, and universities. Rose Luckin's article is effective because it presents clear arguments and, she uses believable evidence. Also, she presents balanced views on integrating artificial into education.

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The author begins this essay very extensive. He then begins to reduce it down by using specific reasons. To prove his argument, Carr uses various of different reasons, and experts. For example: Computers, typewriters, and the human brain. Carr’s tone is very morphart.

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Nicholas Carr is “an American journalist and technology writer” who attended Dartmouth College and Harvard University. Over the past decade, Carr has examined and studied the different impacts that computers have on our life and the “social consequences” of this new technology (Carr 123). In “A Thing Like Me” by Nicholas Carr, the author claims that technology is overpowering and dominating our lives. Carr expands on this idea further by defining it as people using “tools that allow them to extend their abilities” (Carr 124). To help with his argument, Carr uses a historical narrative about the creation of computer software, named ELIZA.

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Based upon the analysis, Parnas’ article is geared more towards people involved in the field of Artificial Intelligence where Eldridge’s article is geared towards people who are not necessarily knowledgeable about Artificial Intelligence yet are interested to learn more about the topic. Throughout the article, Parnas maintains the skeptical attitude towards Artificial Intelligence, literally ending with “Devices that use heuristics to create the illusion of Intelligence present a risk we should not accept” (Parnas, 6). Eldridge on the other hand, maintains a positive attitude throughout the article despite the shortcomings of AI. Together, both authors provide compelling arguments for and against Artificial

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Thus, the CR proves that computers cannot understand language. Furthermore, my argument supports Searle’s (1980) claim that computers cannot explain human cognition, as they cannot attain knowledge for they are incapable of intelligence. It is impossible for a computer to explain human cognition when it is incapable of performing those very same abilities. Therefore, strong artificial intelligence is

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The Turing test has become the most widely accepted test of artificial intelligence and the most influential. There are also considerable arguments that the Turing test is not enough to confirm intelligence. Legg and Hutter (2007) cite Block (1981) and Searle (1980) as arguing that a machine may appear intelligent by using a very large set of

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Artificial Intelligence and its effect on the workforce Artificial intelligence(AI) is a recent reality of technological advancement affecting human society. To analyze its effect on the workforce we will look back in history for technological disruptions and how they affected the workforce and compare and contrast to the way AI is currently impacting and will continue impacting the human workforce and other aspects of human society such as economics, politics and the general environment. History Throughout history technological advancement has affected human society in its ways of living, working and its environment.

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Artificial Intelligence is the field within computer science to explain some aspects of the human thinking. It includes aspects of intelligence to interact with the environment through sensory means and the ability to make decisions in unforeseen circumstances without human intervention. The beginnings of modern AI can be traced to classical philosophers' attempts to describe human thinking as a symbolic system. MIT cognitive scientist Marvin Minsky and others who attended the conference

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I do not believe the field has been developed to its potential in any regard, and feel that considerable progress can be made to improve the interactive experience that users have with an artificial intelligence application. This genuine intrigue combined with my curiosity for the subject matter and the limitless potential of the field are the reason why I wish to pursue a greater depth of knowledge in artificial

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