Social Capital: Multiplexity In Economic Development

It refers to the situation in which a pair has multiple ties in different contexts of the society within the given time frame. This multiple layer of relationship in between the pair, increases their emotional bonding thus enhancing their social capital domain. Verbrugge defined multiplexity as: - the overlap of roles, exchanges, or affiliations in social relationships. Having a close friend who also is a co-worker or neighbour is an example of a multiplex relationship (Verbrugge,1979).
Coleman viewed Multiplexity in social relationships as enriching social capital because it allows social organizations to be appropriated from one situation to another. For example, if people are bound together by emotional ties, they can exchange information

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6.0 Social Capital in Economic Development
We shall now see how social capital affects local economic development. For examining this relationship, we need to consider both micro and macro forces. 6.01 Micro factors – are those special ties and networks among residents and it is useful in differentiating between intra community ties (integration) and extra community ties (autonomy). Both types of social capital may improve the prospects for local economic development. Intra community ties are beneficial because they allow individuals to draw on the social resources in their community and increase the likelihood that the community will be able to address adequately, the collective concerns in their community. Extra community networks are equally important sources of social capital (Flora, Green, Gale, Schmidt & Flora, 1992). These social ties provide access to external resources that may facilitate the development process. 6.02 Macro factors- Two macro aspects of social capital that affect local

The concept can be applied to a number of issues like families and youth behaviour problems, education, work and organisational issues, democracy and government issues, collective action problems, crowdfunding for noble causes, social media groups for networking for collective action etc
2. It is the building block for other forms of capital e.g. human, financial, physical, environmental, cultural and political.
3. Limitations of individual action for solving collective problems make social capital an asset.
4. It can provide emotional support in terms of advice, support and friendship
5. It can provide instrumental support like material aid and services, information and new social contacts which will be helpful for taking care of children, organising a carpool or lending monetary help in time of crisis.
6. It can facilitate the participation of people in social issues affecting the community e.g building of Dams, SEZ, mining etc.
7. It is a significant tool for political organisation in poor communities. Dalit panthers. 7.2 Disadvantages (Green & Haines, 2015) 1. The increasing density of interaction among people who already know each other are will be less likely to reach out to people who are not part of the