Myasthenia Gravis Research Paper

1.1 INTRODUCTION

Myasthenia Gravis as well as known by the name (MG) is autoimmune neuromuscular disease that caused weakness in the skeletal muscles, the muscle that are used for movement to do activity of daily living. Myasthenia Gravis are caused by the neuromuscular disorder. The neuromuscular disorder for Myasthenia Gravis occurs when communication between nerve cells and muscles becomes impaired. This neuromuscular disorder caused the important muscle to make the contraction movement from occurring, that caused muscle weakness, resulting rapid fatigue of any of the muscles under voluntary control. Symptoms include drooping of one or both eyelids, diplopia and difficulty swallowing, chewing and speaking. There were no cure for the disease

The symptoms make the muscle weakness come and go. The symptoms usually reaching to their worst within a few year after the onset of the disease and the symptom tend to progress over time. Although myasthenia gravis can affect any of the muscles that you control voluntarily, certain muscle groups are more commonly affected than others.

The people who suffered Myasthenia Gravis may have variable symptoms depending on the involvement of diseases that affecting certain muscles or multiple muscle groups. The disease that affected certain eye muscle was described as ‘ocular myasthenia gravis’. The more generalized disease or described as ‘generalized myasthenia gravis’ is affecting the muscle at the eyes, face, jaw, throat region, arm, leg, and muscle that involve for respiratory process.

Myasthenia gravis may cause disorder that may vary. The disorder and symptom may be changing from time to time. The changed of the disorder may be shown by the degree of muscle weakness increasing from time to time. The example of this disorder is the people with this disorder have to rest more from doing simple activity such as walking. For example, the degree of muscle weakness may vary over hours, from day to day, or over weeks and months, tending to increase with repeated muscle use and to improve with rest. A short-term aggravation of symptoms may be triggered by a variety of factors, including infection, excessive

The infant may develop temporary muscle weakness and associated findings (i.e., transient neonatal myasthenia gravis). The passage of anti-acetylcholine receptor antibodies through the placenta to the unborn child during pregnancy may cause this condition to the infant. Some of the myasthenia gravis is inherited as an autosomal recessive, or more rarely, an autosomal dominant condition is described as congenital myasthenia gravis. The individual that inherits two copies of an abnormal gen for the same trait from each parent, the individual will have recessive genetic disorders. If the individual receives one normal gene and one gene for the disease, the person will be a carrier for the disease but usually will not show symptoms. The risk to pass the defective gene and have affected child from two carrier parents is 25% with each pregnancy while the chance for having a child who is a carrier like the parents is 50% with each pregnancy. The chance for a child to receive normal genes from both parents and be genetically normal for that particular trait is 25%. The risk is the same for males and