Native Signatures Of Assent Summary

X-Marks Native Signatures of Assent written by Scott Richards Lyons explores the history of the American Indians in the United States. Further, Lyons goes into depth about boarding schools, assimilation, treaties, broken promises, and tragic events that caused harm to millions of American Indians. In this paper, I will discuss how the White Europeans came to the United States and basically assimilated the tribes that were located here before the “discovery” of the Americas. Next, I will define the terms treaty and x-marks. Lastly, I will explain how unjust everything is, in particular when we talk about the rights, and properties that tribes had before the Europeans came to contact them. According to Scott Richards Lyons, when Christopher

Noted, The Bering Land Bridge is a myth constructed by Jose de Acosta, claims that the migration to the New World came through this passage. If I’m not mistaken, American Indians were forced out from the Old World and so they travelled and encountered the New World through the Bering Land Bridge, which is passage that connects from the tip of Northern Russia to the tip of the Western Alaska. From there, many tribes continued their journey towards the south and found the

Scott Lyons describes the term X-marks, as force signatures. For instance, “An x-mark is a sign of consent in a context of coercion; it is the agreement one makes when there seems to be little choice in the matter” (Scott Lyon;2010, Page 1). As treaties were being made between the Indians and the Europeans, the Indians left x-marks behind. Which represented their properties, their rights, and their land. “Beginning in 1778, Indians entered into 367 ratified treaties with the United States, another six whose status is questionable, according to Francis Paul Prucha, and approximately as many illegitimate or non-ratified treaties and agreements….natives entered into more than six hundred treaties at the apex of the age of nationalism” (Scott Lyons;2010, Page