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Nature And Nurture Influence On Family Violence

964 Words4 Pages

Despite much controversy and debate over the years, nature and nurture both play a very important and significant role in human development. A child being raised, exposed to family violence is believed to impact their development. In this essay the question, is there a strong correlation between family violence perpetrator behaviour and childhood experiences of abuse, as well as how nature and nurture may play roles in the lifespan development of a perpetrator, will both be discussed. Human development and the developmental changes that occur throughout life, are the products of a complex interplay between nature and nurture, and both influence and impact on each other (Sigelman, Rider, & De George-Walker, 2016). Nature and nurture are …show more content…

Lawson (2015) breaks down and defines family violence as “physical and sexual assault; threats and intimidation (psychological abuse); withholding necessary support and sustenance for children and elderly (neglect); and endangerment by acts of omission or commission in intimate relationships, including parent-child, adult and/or aging parent, marital and cohabitating, and GLBT relationships” (p.4). Put more simply, the Department of Human Services (2016) website explains that domestic and/or family violence is abuse which can include verbal, emotional, physical, or …show more content…

Stauffer, and Capuzzi (2016) explain that high levels of stress, caused by exposure to family violence, can cause irreparable health consequences in young children as they are vulnerable to permanent changes in their brain structure and functioning due to the high level of plasticity in their brains. As previously discussed, Sigelman, Rider, and De George-Walker (2016) explain that heredity and genes provide all humans with a brain that allows people to learn and grow from the experiences in their environment, whether positive or negative, and those experiences can alter and change the way their brain develops. If the experiences are negative, such as being exposed to family violence, that can alter the brain in a negative way and produce risk factors associated with perpetrator

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If a child is surrounded in violence as they grow up, they are more likely to become violent. If they are surrounded by such negative influence they themselves are more likely to become what they are surrounded by. For example, Ian Manuel was raised in extreme poverty and violence. At the age of four, he was raped by an older sibling. During an armed robbery, he was a part of when he was 13, a woman received a non-fatal gunshot wound and Ian Manuel was sentenced to life in prison.

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The Blue Knot Foundation provides information on one specific childhood trauma called child abuse, he explains the types of child abuse that happens in the world and the impacts of them upon children and their future health. It goes beyond that and states how abuse can be prevented. In articles that follow the impact that child abuse has on the brain is explained in detail with the impact on the cortex and limbic system being stated first and then how differently the left and right parts of the brain can be changed or impacted due to the trauma. The author shares that trauma effects the brain in such a way that thyroid production is effected and stress hormones are changed which becomes a lasting effect. That then lead to the fact that gene expression and generations after the effected person can now be effected by a single person’s childhood trauma or child abuse.

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Adverse childhood experiences, such as neglect, abuse, and exposure to violence, can increase the likelihood of engaging in criminal behavior later in life. This perspective suggests

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" of children witness such acts, and many of these children are physically abused. Children who are exposed to violence often evidence difficulties, including violent behav- ior, as adults. One hypothesized mode of intergenerational transmission is modeling. There is evidence that witnessing and/or experiencing violence are rela"

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My findings showed that millions of kids experience some form of trauma each year, therefore, the brains of our young population are being negatively obstructed. Because of the impact, attention problems are formed, aggression, anxiety, and

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An adverse childhood experience is a traumatic event occurring to people under the age of 17. This percentage is significant because it resembles the affect that negative nurturing can have on people, especially at a young age. Another study showed, “50% of serial killers suggest that they have experienced psychological abuse, 36% have experienced physical abuse, and 26% have experienced sexual abuse” (Psychiatr Psychol Law 10). Both of these studies show that negative nurturing, or childhood trauma, could cause people to have negative affects on the world. Further proving that humans are born good but can be nurtured into

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No matter the form of abuse, a child’s future actions are influenced by what they were exposed to as adolescents. Mental abuse forms the basic perspective the person will use to perceive the world and the thoughts that dictate their behavior. Physical abuse develops the interactions the person will make with other people. Even though these experiences are shown to be negative, the person can overcome their hardships to make sure a better outcome is handed to those beginning to be abused. The person’s hardships will teach them what type of behavior is acceptable in order for them to save the lives of others beginning this cycle of abuse.

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If a child spends their entire life, which could be merely 16 years, with family members who are violent then how is a child\adolescent to know that it is immoral to act out in such violent ways? It is evident in Busch’s study that a child or adolescent doesn’t need to be physically abused to become a murderer. A child living in a hostile environment alone can turn a child into a killer. Like Busch, David M. Shumaker and Ronald J. Prinz concluded in their findings in “Children Who Murder: A Review” that exposure to violence may affect youth in two distinct ways. The first impaction may be that a child who lives in a home where abuse and violence are common may fail to experience adequate nurturance and socialization.

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It is said that children who are mistreated by their parents and learned aggressive behaviors through social interaction went on to express these behaviors later in life and in their intimate relationships (Ehrensaft, Cohen, Brown, Smailes, Chen & Johnson, 2003). There is no doubt that witnessing and experiencing violence firsthand can increase one’s tolerance for violence and puts one at a greater risk for exhibiting the same behaviors as an adult. The intergenerational transmission of violence hypothesis also shows that childhood experiences from abuse or witnessing domestic

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Maltreatment has a severe impact on a child’s current and future functioning and development regarding their emotional, social, cognitive, behavioral, and physical wellbeing.(Frederico 345). Different types of abuse, such as physical, emotional, and sexual have different consequences, but the consequences of all maltreatment, are likely to happen in three stages. Firstly, a child may have an initial reaction such as post-traumatic symptoms, painful emotions, and cognitive distortions. Secondly, children develop coping strategies that are aimed to help increase their safety or reduce their pain. Thirdly, a child 's sense of self-worth is damaged and develop the feeling of shame and hopelessness..

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Child maltreatment has been extensively studied in the past decades and it has shown to cause significant risks for both psychological and biological development. Although these risks arise during childhood, they often initiate a negative developmental cascade that continues throughout the life span . Because of the pervasive effect child maltreatment promotes, research in this field has a critical role in both exploring which developmental processes child maltreatment influences and for improving the quality of clinical, legal and policy-making decisions for maltreated children . Research in child maltreatment, however, has also the role of informing how to develop interventions which meet the specific psychological needs of maltreated children

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Domestic violence can be described as when one adult in a relationship misuses power to control another. It is the establishment of control and fear

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These changes may leave victims more vulnerable to depression, addiction and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), the study suggests (Szalavitz). In this experiment, it proved how the people who were diagnosed with a mental illness had a history of abuse from a young age and therefore were immune to different illnesses, putting depression at number one. In addition, most children inherited half of the symptoms of depression which, eventually in the future will branch out to different types of mental illnesses. This proves that parental guidance is necessary for a child’s survival because the child itself is born into the world knowing nothing, and thus, will adapt to the surroundings of the world with the help of their leaders. Furthermore, according to the Canadian Mental Health Association; a complex interplay of genetic, biological, personality and environmental factors causes mental illnesses.

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One factor that foster aggression in children includes influences from the environment, for example, stress (Groh et al., 2014). Environment influence is associated with increased reliance of the child towards aggression as a strategy to cope. Exposure to acts of violence is also a factor to aggressive behaviour in children where many people tend to think that the children are too young to understand what is going on. It is estimated that millions of children do witness various forms of domestic violence every year (Kanne & Mazurek, 2010). Various literature have identified impacts of this exposure to children.

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