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Child Development And Erikson's Theories Of Development

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Child development or normal development is usually defined as a normal progress by which children’s behaviours and skills change over time (Smith, 2012). Child development generally involves motor skills, physical appearance, cognitive behaviour, social and emotional behaviour, communication and language skill, and the ability to help themselves and adapt. Child development can be described in different ways such as the rate of development which differs from child to child, development should take place over a long period of time and should follow some sort of order. As children grow, various physical and developmental milestones will be reached. Atypical development can be said to be uncommon and not normal. Abnormalities can occur during …show more content…

They are two very well-known developmental theories. There are many differences and similarities between the two theories. They both believed that personality develops in certain stages. However Freud’s theory is psychosexual development whereas Erikson’s theory is psychosocial development that takes place over a person’s whole life (Cherry, 2015). Freud focuses on the need for food and sex and Erikson focuses on the role of the environment and culture. Both theories are separated into developmental stages that are similar (Osinski, 2014). Freud’s theory refers to five different stages namely: oral stage, anal stage, phallic stage, latency stage and genital stage. Erikson’s eight stages are basic trust versus mistrust, autonomy versus guilt and shame, initiative versus guilt, industry versus inferiority, identity versus identity confusion, intimacy versus isolation, generativity versus stagnation and integrity versus despair. As mentioned before both theorist have similar age group stages so the comparison will go in the age group …show more content…

Children start to explore the romantic side of life and sexual instincts arise again. The goal of this stage is to find a balance in all spheres of life (Cherry, 2015). Erikson called development the identity versus role confusion stage. Children discover their true identity and self, they will explore their roles and attitudes. They need a strong support system that encourages them in order to gain a strong sense of who they are and what they want achieve. Those who do not have the support will question who they are and what they should do (Cherry,

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