ipl-logo

Psychoanalytic Theories Of Human Personality Development

2149 Words9 Pages

Over the years, many theories have been developed to study the human personality. Some of the notable theories are psychoanalytic theory, trait theory, humanistic theory and behavioural theory. In this assignment, we have chosen to compare and contrast the psychoanalytic and humanistic theories. Psychoanalytic Theory Sigmund Freud formed the basis of psychoanalytic theories which are also known as the Freudian theories or psychodynamic theories. One of the theories that he proposed was the theories on instincts which are the life and death instinct. The life instinct is also known as the libido, which is the sexual energy that motivates us to seek pleasure while the death instinct is that human developed an unconscious desire to die which …show more content…

Looking at Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, there are five primary needs which emphasizes on human motivation (Poduska, 1992). The physiological needs or basic needs are at the lowest level of the hierarchy. These needs must be satisfied in order for individuals to survive. It is then followed by the safety or security needs where individuals seek for protection and stability. When these needs are satisfied, individuals are motivated to fulfill the next level of needs which is the love and belongingness needs. At this level, they seek for intimacy and form relationships with others (Schultz & Schultz, 2013). The next level is the needs for self-esteem. Individuals at this level are motivated to be recognized and feel worthy (McLeod, 2007). The highest level of the hierarchy is the need for self-actualization. Maslow believed that everyone can reach this level but it requires the realization of one’s capabilities and potentials. If a person achieved self-actualization at the level, he or she is said to have reached his or her unique personality to achieve the highest potential. Unlike Freud who believed that individual develops personality because they are fixated, Maslow believed that individuals form their own personality by climbing up the ladder of the hierarchy of …show more content…

One of the similarities between the two is that the theories are founded based on the exploitation of personal experiences and the personal development of Freud and Maslow. According to the history of the psychology, it can be seen clearly that both Freud and Maslow found and explained their theories mainly based on their personal childhood experiences and also their personal experiences throughout their life without any conducting any scientific experiment, which caused the theories cannot be tested out by replicating any scientific experiment or research. On the other hand, another similarity between Freud’s psychoanalytic theories and Maslow’s humanistic theories are the differentiation of stages. Freud differentiated the psychosexual stages of development into several stages consist of the oral stage, anal stage, phallic stage, latent stage and genital stage (McLeod, 2013). Whereas, Maslow’s hierarchy of needs were also divided into different stages from the physiological needs, safety needs, love or belongings, esteem and then to the stage of self-actualization (Maslow,

Show More
Related
477 Words | 2 Pages

The highest levels in the hierarchy which are self-actualization needs and self-transcendence needs are important to motivational. Self-transcendence is kinds of spiritual needs that may help others to aware the self-fulfilment and potential or link to something after ego (Huitt, 2007). Smartt (n.d) stated that an individual who wish to be build up a talent and reach fulfilment is to be self-actualized. People who want to be self-actualized have to show the self-awareness, growth on the progress, listen to self-inner voice, rely on intuition, be responsible, make choice that have high fulfilment, realise and face to the peak experience and identify and abandon the constructed defences individually. Self-awareness is the main point that links the Maslow’s theory and SQ because self-awareness is the deeper of self-actualization and this can enter to higher needs such as spiritual needs from the physiological needs (Thuam,

Read More
1646 Words | 7 Pages

The Road: A Breakdown of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs In Cormac McCarthy’s post-apocalyptic novel, “The Road”, a man and his young son find themselves on a journey fighting for survival through a dark and desolate world. With no identity or any hope in the future, the characters are faced with many compromising decisions. Two levels of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, the physiological and safety levels provide the most motivation and validation for the characters’ actions throughout the novel. There are 5 major levels to Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs; physiological, safety, emotional, esteem, and self-actualization (Maslow 1).

Read More
1137 Words | 5 Pages

Humanistic psychologist Abraham Maslow put forward his theory of the hierarchy of needs through the shape of a pyramid. He suggested that each step in this pyramid became of importance when the needs of an individual are not met. To progress upwards in Maslow’s hierarchy of needs one has to meet each level to a satisfactory standard and when this is happens he claims that a person has reached a point of self-actualisation. All the necessities he mentioned had to be met before this could be realised however. He believed that everyone was capable of attaining self-actualisation but unfortunate life experiences do disrupt a person’s progress and they can go up and down the pyramid when these unlucky moments present themselves in life (ClassNotes, 2014).

Read More
1346 Words | 6 Pages

According to Maslow (1943), people are motivated to satisfy their needs and those needs can be classified into the following five categories that are in an ascending hierarchy: Physiological needs, security needs, social needs, esteem and self-actualization needs. The first three are characterized as lower level needs while the last two are higher order needs. Physiological needs are the basic biological needs like air, water, food and

Read More
1458 Words | 6 Pages

Beyond the details of air, water and, food, he laid out five broader levels: the physiological needs, the needs for safety and security, the needs for love and belonging, the needs for esteem, and the need to actualize the self, in that order. This theory is one of the best known and most effective theory for students and employees. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs is a psychology theory, which form five levels of human needs in a pyramid. Abraham Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs was invented in the year 1943 in paper “A Theory of Human Motivation” he proposed. However, several years later in 1954 Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs theory was fully expressed in his 1954 book called “Motivation and

Read More
729 Words | 3 Pages

Those who are missing this level could fall victim to several dangerous behaviors. Next, the fourth level focuses on esteem and having other people’s respect. Finally, the last level is self-actualization (Taormina & Gao 156). Self-actualization refers to fulfilling ones goals and improving oneself to reach a point of happiness (Textbook 44). Thus, the main ideas of Maslow’s theory are commonly placed into a pyramid to represent the reaching of each

Read More
1104 Words | 5 Pages

This theory is proposed by Araham Harold Maslow by year 1954. There are 5 different needs in this theory which consists of: Physiological; Safety; Belongingness; Need for esteem and Self-actualization. Maslow believed that a man being motivated by the needs he wants to satisfy. So, the fundamental needs must be satisfy in order to begin motivating behavior (Adiele and Abraham, 2013). 1) Physiological Physiological needs is fundamental and most basic need for human survival.

Read More
725 Words | 3 Pages

Maslow present this set of needs as a hierarchy, consisting of: The theory argues the fundamental level starts with the physiological need for food, water and shelter. This is followed by security and social needs. Maslow believed that the higher level needs could only be met after the lower lever needs had been satisfied.

Read More
1549 Words | 7 Pages

At the top of this hierarchy Maslow believed was the possibility of self-actualization; every person is capable and has the desire to move up the hierarchy toward a level of self-actualization. This was, however, seen as a rare achievement only reached by very few people since according to his theory; all lower-level needs had to be met before self-actualization could take place. Unfortunately, advancement is often disrupted by failure to meet the lower level needs. Life experiences may cause an individual to fluctuate between levels of the hierarchy. According to Maslow, only one in a hundred people achieve full self-actualization due to our society rewarding

Read More
1488 Words | 6 Pages

Running Head: Discussing Psychoanalysis EXPLORATION OF PSYCHOANALYSIS Sigmund Freud, founder of psychoanalysis and psychodynamic approach to psychology (Corey, 2013, p. 57). His psychoanalytic order is a ideal of personality growth. It is also a way to psychotherapy. He focuses on the character of unconscious.

Read More
1467 Words | 6 Pages

Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of needs Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is displayed as a pyramid and is built on a foundation of basic needs that must not only be met but satisfied before higher levels of the needs are met. On the bottom of the pyramid are physiological needs and these are required to sustain life such as breathing, water, food and shelter to mention a few. Once these are met, people can move onto the next level of need which is safety. Safety needs can be financial, medical, safe environment and job security. Next on the pyramid are social needs which include friendship, belongingness, love and acceptance.

Read More
1036 Words | 5 Pages

Something we want, for a good and reasonable reason. This creates the ambition and determination, which motivates us to fulfill that essential. Fulfilling this need, or receiving the thing we want is the main objective, the goal. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is a theory in psychology proposed by the American psychologist Abraham Maslow in his 1943 paper “A Theory of Human Motivation”. This is a theory shows that every human needs and wants something, and there will always be something to drive them to achieving

Read More
951 Words | 4 Pages

Maslow’s Hierarchy was created by Abraham Maslow in which he suggests that before more sophisticated, higher order needs can be met, certain primary needs must be satisfied”. “A pyramid can represent the model, with the more basic needs at the bottom and the higher level at the top”. Robert S. Feldman 2010 Psychology and your life Module 22 Pages 249-250 University of Massachusetts, Amherst” The basic needs are primary drives; needs for water, food, sleep, and sex. “In order for a person to move up the hierarchy, Maslow suggests that people need a safe, secure environment in order to function effectively.”

Read More
969 Words | 4 Pages

Conclusion. This essay was all about Maslow’s hierarchy of need and about motivation. This essay will have some summarization about the five stages of the hierarchy of needs and importance of self-actualization as it is the most important stage in the hierarchy. References LINT.

Read More
770 Words | 4 Pages

Maslow (1943) stated that people are motivated to achieve specific needs (theory-of-education, 2015). When the need is met one person seeks to meet the next one, and so on (Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs , 2015). This five Maslow’s stage can be divided into basic needs (e.g. physiological, safety, love, and esteem) and growth needs (self-actualization).

Read More

More about Psychoanalytic Theories Of Human Personality Development

Open Document