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Sigmund Freud's Theories Of Personality Development

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Sigmund Freud is Psychology’s most famous psychoanalysis. His work and theories have helped shape our views of personality, levels of consciousness and unconsciousness mind, the structure of personality and the development of personality. There are three aspects to Freud’s theory of personality structure and fives stages through the psychosexual development. The psyche The first aspect is the psyche which is structured into three, the id, ego and superego, all develops at different stages in our lives. The id is an important unconscious structure that contains basic instinctual drives when we are born. Freud believed that the id is based on our pleasure principle. For example, a baby needs or wants something such as milk, the baby would …show more content…

He describes this development in a series of five fixed psychosexual stages. In each stage, the child’s energy or libido is focused on a different parts of the body, also known as an erogenous zone. The five development stages are Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latency and Genital. The first stage being the Oral stage (birth to 18 months), main focus is its gratification. For example, sucking and eating. Freud believes that oral stimulation could lead to an oral fixation later on in life. This type of personality tends to become smokers, nail-biters, alcohol drinkers and other bad habits if its oral needs are not met during childhood. This behaviour usually occur when the person is under stress or anxiety. The next stage is the Anal stage (18 months to three years) which main focus of the child’s pleasure in this stage beginning to experiment with eliminating and retaining feces. The child learns to control anal stimulation through their parents. Parents toilet training their child too early can lead to results of child being uptight and overly obsessed with cleanliness, order and control. This is also known as anal-retentive. On the other head, when toilet training is trained at the right time, the child’s personality is more likely to be messy, aggressive, stubborn, emotional and rebellious. This is called anal …show more content…

The child behaviour changes and develops in a morally suitable way and adopt the values from his/her parents; new skills and knowledge. Lastly, the Genital stage (12 years and up). This is the last stage of the personality development where puberty begins. During this stage, if all other stages have been successfully achieved, the teenager develops an appropriative sexual behaviour that may lead into a loving relationship, marriage or child birth. Conclusion Overall, I find it hard to disagree with Freud’s Freud’s findings or case studies as they may have been a bit extreme seeing that it would not be applicable or considered to today’s standard. However, his theory of personality is very interesting and have good valid theories. I believe that most of his work is unbelievably universally correct, makes sense and have helped expand our psychological understanding of

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This term refers to any stage in the psychosexual development in psychoanalytic theory occurring just before the genital stage. Within the textbook, it is said that children undergo three phases of sexual development. I found it interesting that we as students don’t often go into detail about these stages as I find them important. I believe that knowing these stages and the way they develop within children can help with the learning about their sexuality and knowing why these changes occur, especially within puberty. I ran across the play age, where preschool life shows an important process to which preschool children are able to cultivate their space with the use of toys and play dates with

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He argued that humans can receive pleasure from any number of objects. He further argued that, as humans develop, they become fixated on different and specific objects through their stages of development—first in the oral stage, exemplified by an infant's pleasure in nursing, then in the anal stage, exemplified by a toddler's pleasure in evacuating his or her bowels, then in the phallic stage; focus on genitals. In the latency period, Freud contended, male infants become fixated on the mother as a sexual object. This is known as the Oedipus complex, a phase brought to an end by threats of castration, resulting in the Castration anxiety.

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Erikson’s second stage of development is called “Autonomy versus Shame and Doubt”, where Freud describes it as the “Anal Stage”. Erikson’s second stage occurs between the ages of one to three and compares it with how well a caregiver permits a child to exercise her or his will, and in providing the freedom in order for the child to make choices regarding his or her own life (Boeree, 2006). In stage two, Erikson demonstrated how a child is challenging the boundaries, in order for them to see the effect that it can have on their life (Boeree, 2006). This is the time where the parents or caregivers have to walk a tightrope when it comes to granting the child with enough space in order for them to make decisions and to investigate on their own. If the parents are over protective and denies the child their own will, doubt and shame may develop causing nervousness and problems when it comes to initiating actions (Boeree, 2006).

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For as long has the earth has been roamed by man, some questions has been asked time and again. Who are we? Where did we come from? We try to understand each other to the sake of getting along with each other better, as we are all quite different and unique. That means that no matter how far along we go into understanding the human psych, we will still have a long way to go.

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That is why I wanted to have a closer look at Freud 's Structure of Personality and Defense Mechanisms. The Id is the most primitive and earliest developed of the structures of personality. A child is born with an Id and it develops further till about 18 months. According to Hjelle and Ziegler (1992) Id " refers exclusively to the primitive, instinctive, and inherited aspects of personality".

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The Id, Ego and Superego make complete sense to any person who might be interests in learning about the Psyche. Freud’s use of the psychoanalytic theory is relevant when explaining my current behaviour in regards to my past experiences that have occurred throughout my lifetime. Freud’s theory does apply to my own life as he made his theory a way to help understand and focus on the behavioural problems of the human being, and to resolve them in a way that forces me to accept my own destructive

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The id must be well-ordered in order to fulfil social demands. The ego and superego develop in order to exercise this control and direct the need for satisfaction into socially suitable goals. Freud believed that most people would successfully meet the challenge of each stage and move to the next. He also believed that some people did not successfully meet the challenges of a stage and became fixated or obsessed with that stage and thus their development was hindered. So all the development stages are very important.

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Recognizing the division of personality in the,”ID”Ego”, and Super ego and that the unconscious is an important part of who we are and noting that anxiety plays a big function in how one reacts to the world at large and highlighting Freud’s theory on defense mechanism to help one cope with such anxieties. Core Philosophy of the Therapeutic Approach The most important underlying ideas relating to the psychoanalytic theory was mainly influenced by Sigmund Freud, one of the most famous names in Psychology, his Psychoanalytic Theory formed the bases of many current psychoanalytic theories. He was the first to discuss the unconscious mind and its role in human behaviour. Freud believed that there were three levels consciousness the first he labeled s the unconscious mind which exist outside of an individual’s awareness at all times.

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Freud argues that the unconscious molds the personality as it accommodates the id, the ego, and superego (Freud, 1962). Essentially, the id is primitive and is widely believed to already exist at the time of birth. It acts on the pleasure principle, which thrives on hedonism and abstains from pain. However, the id is detached from reality so it can only obtain gratification indirectly such as through reflex actions and mental images (Morris & Maisto, 2013).

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The second stage is the anal stage. It occurs at the age of eighteen months to three years. Freud believed that in this stage children receive pleasure from holding and letting go of their bowel movements. Third is the phallic stage. It starts at age three and end around age seven.

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They begin to behave in more acceptable ways in the society and adopt the ways of their parents and adults. The children at this stage are more attracted to the same sex than the opposite sex and like to spend more time with the children of same sex. To let the children successfully complete this stage, we as parents can allow the children to spend more time with their peers, give play time for the kids, let them enjoy with children of same sex, provide them proper schooling, let them enjoy their hobby, parents be a role model to children and show and tell them the laws and rules in the society. Genital stage (puberty onwards) This is the last stage of Freud’s theory of psychosexual development which emerge at the time of puberty.

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If the child is fulfilled with these needs, the child develops trust. Stage 2: (1 to 3 years) Freud called this stage as Anal Stage of development. In this stage, children gain sense of mastery by controlling erogenous zone or in other word it is anal region. Children who are succeeded in this stage are capable and productive.

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(Freud, 1949) Help is provided to the clients to enable them strengthen their EGO and protect it from being in any conflict between their ID and SUPEREGO. This theory is used to rectify the client’s character and their system of personality if found to have issues. The theory aims at making the unconscious, conscious by releasing the repressed emotions and experiences. Psychoanalytic theory also aims at helping clients work through their developmental stages not previously resolved well to solve the problem of fixation.

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