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Neighborhood Segregation

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Racial health inequities continue to exist and even increase in the United States, particularly among Whites and Blacks (Williams et al., 2010). While research tends to focus on the genetic determinants of racial health inequities, it fails to consider how various structural determinants impact the health of these groups. Examining how such determinants can impact health outcomes can offer an improved understanding of racial health inequities — structural racism and segregation are the best structural explanations to understanding racial health inequities. Structural Racism Structural racism is thought of as a class stressor that could have consequences for understanding racial health inequities. Individuals who report experiencing racism demonstrate …show more content…

Many people believe that segregation has been around for forever, but it is actually a phenomenon of the 20th century (Denton, 1996). Loan lending discrimination for housing is still practiced in our society, even though it is illegal, causing increases in neighborhood segregation. For example, when White neighborhoods reach a “trigger point” for Blacks moving into the neighborhood, they move out, which subsequently perpetuates continued segregation. A study conducted in 2000 found racial residential segregation to be attributable to approximately 176,000 deaths (Galea et al., 2011). Neighborhood segregation increases the amount of minorities that live in neighborhoods that limit socioeconomic mobility by limiting access to high quality education and higher education preparation (Williams et al., 2010); neighborhood segregation also makes it more difficult for residents to adhere to healthy behaviors due to the higher costs and lower quality of healthy foods, increased advertising for tobacco and alcohol, and lack of environmental structures for physical activity (Williams et al, 2010). Neighborhood segregation can potentially impact the development of social networks, which in turn may influence employment opportunities and quality of health (Gee, Walsemann, & Brondolo, 2012; Brondolo et al., 2012; Amuedo-Dorantes & Mundra, 2007; Wagmiller, …show more content…

Black adolescents who attend predominantly White schools have been shown to have poorer mental and physical health (Walsemann, Bell, & Maitra, 2011). Johnson and Hoffman (2000) reported Black adolescents attending a predominantly minority school were less likely to engage in daily smoking. Youths attending racially isolated high schools were found to be more likely to work in racially isolated places of work as adults (Gee, Walsemann, & Brondolo, 2012; Stearns, 2010). Segregated schools have poorer quality of education and educational attainment (i.e., limited access to higher education preparation); individuals who took a college preparation course in high school demonstrated fewer depressive symptoms in adulthood, even after adjusting for educational attainment (Walsemann, Gee, & Geronimus, 2009). Ultimately, poorer quality of education due to school segregation can lead to poorer health conditions and inequities, in both childhood and adulthood, among different racial

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Unfortunately, this does not account for institutionalized racism, unequal access to education and services, and a system that perpetuates a growing divide between the rich and the poor. In McKinnon’s article he argues that our location of birth has an affect of how we are born: poor, rich, or middle class, “The reality is that where you’re born matters tremendously. where you start in life, unfortunately, has a huge impact on where you’ll end up. Think about it. A zip code is not just a number, it represents everything inside of that area – including the hospital in which you are born, the schools where you attend, the streets on which you will play, the stores and restaurants that will feed you, and the jobs to which your parents and eventually you might have access.”

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The researcher provides a look at the past, reflections on recent developments, and considerations for the future, based on current trends” (Troost Village Community Association 1). African Americans tried to live in the same neighborhoods as whites, but they made sure that did not happen. Once many people started realizing that they were not going to be able to live in neighborhoods with white people or get as nice of houses they

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Poverty is not the result of individuals, but rather it is the result of structural factors. The affluent classes are attempting to keep minorities locked into an impoverished political and economic position by using strategies such as gentrification, discrimination, and segregation. Those in position of authority use social profiling and “zero tolerance policies” as a primary tool for enforcing traditional discrimination. In theory, public space welcomes everyone. However, the power structures existed in the society demonstrate a social trend where wealthy people and caucasian move

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Wealth is one of the factors why residential segregation is an increasing problem. Golash- Boza explains, “Residential segregation happened when different groups of people are sorted into discount neighborhoods” (271). It is because of housing segregation

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Public Policy on Housing Discrimination Executive Summary Housing discrimination and segregation have long been present in the American society (Lamb and Wilk). The ideals of public housing and home buying have always been intertwined with the social and political transformation of America, especially in terms of segregation and inequality of capital and race (Wyly, Ponder and Nettking). Nevertheless, the recent unrest in Ferguson, Missouri and in Baltimore due to alleged police misconduct resulting to deaths of black men brought light on the impoverished conditions in urban counties in America (Lemons). This brings questions to the effectiveness of the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) in devising more fair-housing facilities (Jost).

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