Permancy In Childhood
At the beginning of social welfare programs in the nineteenth century, there was a group of local societies known as Societies for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children who gradually separated in two competing perspectives rescue and preventative. These perspectives started creating the basis for future welfare programs. As concern about child abuse and neglect grew and as a Child Abuse and treatment act of 1974 was introduced and put into place; a system for collecting data on child abuse was created. With this new system, a “preservationist” reaction soon emerged, as did an impression that the system was out of control” (Noonan, K. G., Et Al., 2009).
This book raised awareness to authorities on the kind of treatment happening and proposed a change for foster institutions and homes to be monitored. The story began by Ms. Rita, Jennings’s mom, walking Jennings to an orphanage called Home of the Angels. My initial reactions after reading the first chapter was how a mother could just leave her kid with anybody. The book immediately gained my
The overarching goal of Child Protective Services (CPS) is to protect children from instances of future abuse or neglect. In general, CPS is responsible for investigations of allegations of abuse and neglect, to initiate child protective proceedings and place children into foster homes when needed, with each state taking a different approach in how their agency is structured and operated. In the state of New York, CPS “first obligation is to help the family with services to prevent its break-up or to reunite it if the child has already left home” (FindLaw, 2016). The protection of the child focuses “on the child in the context of the family, and recognizes the value of the family to the child” (NY Committee on Children and Families, 2001).
Laws, 2014). This entire chapter on child protection laws does not mention how and if a child is to be protected from government agencies that fail to properly perform their functions. This leaves children vulnerable to the harms of being placed in unfit foster homes or under the supervision of under or unqualified adults. It also puts the child at risk of not getting the appropriate help in time to prevent a tragedy from occurring, which ultimately makes for a counterproductive
The ASFA, MEPA and CFCIP have evolved since their conception. Changes to the programs have kept the programs relevant. Each of these programs have been renewed and seem to be doing a good job of making changes that are needed to the adoption and foster care programs. CAPTA ensures the wellbeing of children and these programs continue to protect the
It introduces the concept of parental responsibility instead of parental rights. It is the duty of local authorities to identify, safeguard and promote child welfare and provide services. However, courts have to consider all factors before reaching decisions as orders should only be made if it is better for the child. It also highlights the importance of early recognition of problems as a delay can adversely affect the child’s welfare.
The origins of child protection can be the late 1800s, when the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children was established in the city of New York. This was at the onset of an incidence in which the treatment of a young child captured the attention of the public in 1875, resulted in the formation of this organization to fight for the rights of the children in the state of New York (Horwath, 2007). Subsequently, other states in the U.S. followed suit, with the notable creation of the very first juvenile court in 1899 to address issues relating to delinquency, neglect and dependence in the state of Chicago (CWLA, 2012). Throughout the subsequent decades, other federal and state regulations and laws were drafted to encompass the protection
I wanted to bring attention on how allowing almost anyone to foster can affect a child mentally, physically, and emotionally. I believe this paper held very important information and statistics showing how being placed in a bad home can permanently damage a child’s outlook on life and his or her
According to a Child Protective Investigation, there are approximately half a million children in the U.S. foster care system, otherwise known as congregate care (group homes and institutions). Children are placed in congregate care when they are found to be in an unsafe environment. Usually children of abuse or maltreatment are placed first (Font, 2015). Out-of-home-care causes increased problems of attachment, behavioral, and psychological disorders in the developing child. Child safety is the primary goal of out-of-home-care; however, maltreatment investigations are still reported in those institutions.
The foster care system has decreased entry of children and increased the permanent placement of the child in a long term foster home. Research by Davis and O’Brien, (2012, p1918) supports that strategies used in the permanency planning lead to a high success rate of legal permanency for the child in care. That child who is placed in a legal permanency has a better chance in becoming an active member of society. From 2011-2012, which a year later showed entry of children being placed in foster care showed a slight increase, in foster care, but the outcome of legal permanency was still at a higher rate. Another factor that Davis and O’Brien (2013, p 2130) found was that age was a key factor in legal permanency placement.
In addition to the maltreatment of children in foster care, another issue that arises is that children are moved from one foster care home to another on an average of every six weeks (NCANDS, 2012). With the changes in the caregivers of children in foster care experience, the more likely they are to exhibit oppositional behavior, crying, and clinging. With that being said, in 2012, 23,396 youth aged out of the U.S. foster care system without the emotional and financial support necessary to succeed. Nearly 40% had been homeless or couch surfed, nearly 60% of young men had been convicted of a crime, and only 48% were employed. Seventy-five percent of women and 33% of men receive government benefits to meet basic needs.
It focuses on the death from abuse and neglect of nearly 68% of children 4 years old and younger. The consequences of child maltreatment can be severely damaging to a child and can result in poor health, depression, cancer, premature death, and substance abuse into adulthood. It talks about the different type of abuse and neglect whether physical, medical, educational, emotional and sexual. Abandonment is the most common type of commitment in contradiction of children. It also focuses on the solutions and outcomes of helping new parents gain knowledge of basic parenting skills by matching new families with trained nurses or
These children being treated immensely different, as if they stand lower than everyone else which can enlighten why they have a predisposition to put on an act. Society habitually limited their expectations to close to none in distinction for a child of the system for the widely held belief that these children appear distressed and useless. In some households, the foster kids turn out to be victims of abuse or forced to go to group homes. The majority of foster children have never felt anodyne in their homes, lives, or with their foster families along with themselves, honestly that not a good life. Under no circumstances feeling secure in life?
The risk assessment mandate of the current child protection practice is crop up in connection with individual responsibility of neo-liberal ideology. The right of the worker is given during their “mandate to investigate, monitor, assess and dispose of” (Strega & Carriere, 2009 p.16) of child protection cases under the legal system. As a result of child protection practice merely becomes a risk assessment model of bureaucratic approach. Apparently, child protection in Canada turns out as a mechanical social intervention with more focus on short-term remedial recommendations and limited or no emphasis on the holistic view of the problem (Strega & Carriere, 2009 p.20). This process is not really supporting the family in terms of a long term “helping, healing and change”.
The biological approach believes us to be as a consequence of our genetics and physiology. Physiology is how the nervous system and hormones work and how the brain functions. It examines how changes in structure and function can affect behaviour. The Biological; approach examines thoughts, feelings, and behaviours from a biological and physical point of view. An influence within the biological approach is genetics, characteristics that are not suited to a species’ environment will die out as it struggles to survive, and with time will evolve over generations so that only adaptive characteristics remain in future offspring.
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