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Plato And Descartes Research Paper

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Philosophy is an activity people commence when they seek to understand the fundamental truths about themselves and philosophers ask question and try to answer. Similarly, both Plato and Descartes disquiet themselves with the idea of rationalism, yet they both approach the concept of rationalism and knowledge attainment in different level. Plato is making convincing argument, signifying that rational inference is necessary for knowledge acquisition. His ideas are based on reasoning and understanding. Where as for Descartes, knowledge is essence of things that comes through sense and logic. The senses are not always reliable; it is very likely that people are consistently tricked. Both Plato and Descartes argument is valid since knowledge can …show more content…

The main form of idea is God. In Plato, Socrates gives images of the ascent from disordered opinion to orderly knowledge, the image of the divided line. In the divide line, Socrates has explained the being (intelligible) and becoming (visible), where in being he has express the knowledge and thoughts that have two form: upper form and lower form. Goodness, justice piety and beauty lies in upper form and mathematics lies in lower form. And in becoming he has placed opinion rights, belief and imagination like physical objects, reflections. Thus, knowledge is what is certain and true and opinion is what is fallible. Plato has originated two requirements for true knowledge. Knowledge is only possible of what is, and not infallible. In Plato, Euthphro argues that he have a knowledge of pious and impious. According to Euthphro, the pious is loved by gods because it is pious and the pious is pious because it is loved by all the gods. Giving to his argument “the pious is pious because it is loved by all the gods “ is that the principle of something being pious that it is loved by all the gods. That means all there is to being pious is being loved by all the gods and if any thing is loved by the gods, it is pious. And gods hate anything it is impious. According to Plato, God is above everything and God grant right knowledge to

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Euthyphro tries to explain him that he was doing the same as Zeus did to his father and therefore being pious. But Socrates argues that it is just an example and not an explanation. He tries again and says what gods like is pious and what they dislike is not. But Socrates points out the fallacy in that argument that one god might not agree with another to which he replies in his third attempt what all gods like is pious and what they all hate is impious. Here, in this example we can see that how he searches for a concrete and complete definition for being pious.

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In the beginning of book VI, Socrates makes a point by saying that philosophers have always been able to see things as they are versus people who see things as they vary and so he asks, who should rule? (484b) Socrates then launches into how philosophers are the ones who love the truth and want nothing and will not stand for anything, but the truth. (485c) It is because of that they should rule and so Socrates is asking for a philosopher-king who will seek nothing but the truth through knowledge and wisdom. This is the most important and boldest claim Plato makes in the defense of philosophy.

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Considering this third definition, it further implies that an action is only impious if it is hated by all the gods. In case the gods disagree about something, then it is neither pious or impious. Socrates complicates the matter further for Euthyphro, by asking if the pious is loved by the gods because it is pious or something is pious by the state of being god-loved. In other terms, Socrates asks Euthyphro whether an action is holy because it is loved by the gods (this would imply that the cause of an action being pious is its loving by the gods), or being pious is the cause of the gods loving an action. This is the so-called Euthyphro

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It targets nothing but the truth and it will question your belief. This will lead you to the truth. This article goes into depth about the theory of education by Plato. There is no weak arguments in this article strictly just educational arguments with solid proof dealing with the theory of Plato. I will use this article to support my essay on Plato’s theory.

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When considering wisdom most would define it as meaning the person knows everything there is to know. However, according to Socrates to a wise man is not a man who knows everything or think he knows everything but a man who constantly seeks the truth and more knowledge. And the man who is constantly seeking knowledge would understand that the more one knows, there is still a lot more that is unknown and needs to be known, because an ignorant man would not seek to know more. Another way to understand this statement is through Plato’s “Allegory of the Cave”, from Plato’s Republic.

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Part A- Socrates In thinking of Socrates we must recognize that what we have is four secondhand sources depicting him. That of Plato, Xenophanes, Aristophanes, and Aristotle. All having radically different accounts on Socrates and his views. Out of all them we consider Plato’s to be the most possible account, even though we face a problem of different versions of Socrates.

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Plato believes society can’t be perfect if the potential of women is ignored. Plato claims the individual women has more skills than the individual man, but men as a whole have more skill. Nature endows skills to men and women alike. The conclusion he draws from his thoughts are sex (gender) is irrelevant in government positions and other trades. It is morally wrong to reserve an office for men or an office for women.

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He argues that every person pursues what they believe seems good but not what actually is. Knowing the Form of the Good is the highest form of intelligence, and “knowing everything else is useless without knowing the good” (Plato 166). One is unable to know the other Forms without knowledge of what goodness is and means because the Form of the Good encompasses all of them. Just as the good begot the sun, it produces the other Forms. Thus, the Form of the Good is responsible for both truth and the purpose of existence and being alike.

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"A good decision in based on knowledge and not on numbers" this is a famous quote said by Plato. He thinks that what creates you as a whole and lead you to success is not how much money you have but how much knowledge you have. Plato sustains that happiness is the goal of all performs and that it is attained through the search for virtues by following a moral conduct that will lead to a good soul, and a step towards perfection. Plato states that in life we will have to pass hard and unhappy times to get to be happy, because happiness doesn't come by itself.

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Truth was knowledge to Plato; he believed that knowledge stays put, is always true, is backed up with reasoning, and is the product of instruction- this was known as Epistemology. Epistemology, or the theory of knowledge, is what eventually gave way to his theory of Forms (Melchert, 100). Although they may sound like an actual object, Plato’s Forms are in another realm. His theory states true knowledge comes from these physical and non-physical forms of reality.

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Now let explain each concept separate. Plato, express that every person obtain knowledge from his/her soul. Plato believe people must look through themselves in order to gain knowledge that is already inside them. According to Socrates, knowledge differs from current opinion in being tied down (Meno 90). True opinions are given “account of the reason why” they are true, they may exist in a person mind one day and they can be gone the other day.

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Strata title is the title specialized for the individual unit of property such as apartment, condominium, offices and etc. Strata title can indicate that the ownership of the property belonging. The person who holds the strata title is the actual owner of the property. For this reason, Buyers should ask for strata title when they purchasing this kind of property. If not, the ownership of the property will fall under the developer name and not the buyer owning the unit.

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I will explain both philosopher’s methods when it comes to viewing the everyday world, talk about their similarities and differences, and then choose Descartes’s method regarding Rationalism. I agree with Descartes method a lot more than Plato’s because I feel that inborn knowledge is a form of deception and escaping your reality, like Plato would suggest, would only leave you to be deceived even more. Both Plato and Descartes believe in Rationalism, and they also fear uncertainty. These two philosophers want to answer the same basic question, “What is the difference between opinion and certainty” (Palmer 39). Plato believes that all

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Plato claimed that virtue is a type of knowledge since qualities are only beneficial when they are accompanied by knowledge. Virtue is always beneficial, thus, it must be a form of knowledge. If virtue is knowledge, vice – being the opposite of virtue – must be the lack of knowledge. As with every ethical system, Aristotle’s theory is subject to some criticism.

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The ultimate goal of human life for Plato is to know and understand the truth or the “eidos” of the “good”. The only way for us to see this truth is through our minds. The truth is not accessible in the physical world but in the intellectual realm. For us to be happy or for use to know the truth is only when we are beyond our physical sense it is a totally different level. So according to Plato, “knowledge” and “virtue” are corollary meaning that as long as one exists the other will follow.

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