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President Johnson's Presidential Doctrine

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A presidential doctrine can be defined as a set of principles, actions or ideological philosophies adopted by a president in order to make it easier for him/her to advance the governance of the country. In the United States, a presidential doctrine consists of the president’s key goals, attitudes and stances when it comes to foreign affairs (foreign policy). Throughout the history of the United States, majority of the presidential doctrines adopted by different presidents have been related to the Cold War, or rather the handling the U. S. diplomacy. Essentially, each president established his doctrine with the main aim of differentiating his leadership from that of his predecessors, and more so as dictated by the events that market the tenure. …show more content…

First, he decided to allocate more military resources as a ways of increasing the US military involvement in Vietnam; guided by the established policy regarding the containment of communist rule. However, before the election of Johnson as the president, the United States had established diplomatic relations with Vietnam in 1950. During President Johnson’s tenure, the USS Maddox (DD-731) was attacked by the Northern Vietnamese patrol torpedo boats in 1964, and this ruined their diplomatic …show more content…

As a matter of fact, the improving relationship has been evidenced by the launch of the U.S.-Vietnam Comprehensive Partnership by President Obama in 2013. According to <…….>, the partnership was designed to emphasize the commitment by the US to bolster the Asia-Pacific rebalance, and more importantly the U.S.-Vietnam relations by advancing key initiatives that include trade, science and technology, defense and security, and the Global Initiative to Combat Nuclear Terrorism.

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McMaster also talked about how president Johnson believed that he would be able to control the U.S involvement in vietnam and part of that belief is based of of McNamara's confident assurance. (McMaster 333) Because of Lyndon B John secret decision made in Washington between November 1963 to July 1965, he got the United States deeper and deeper into the war. President Johnson also believed that it would be possible to preserve American credibility even if the U.S armed force withdrew from Vietnam (McMaster 332). He was totally wrong. “After the United States become committed to the war, however, more American soldiers, airmen,... had died in the conflict, it would become impossible simply to disengage and declare America’s credibility intact…”

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1b. The significance of Vietnamization is that it was started by Richard Nixon and it stated that he would withdraw U.S. troops from Vietnam slowly and give South Vietnamese money, weapons, and training needed to win the war. This event caused the number of US troops in Vietnam to go from 540,000 to 30,000 in a span of four years. He got U.S. troops out of a war they did not know why they were fighting in. 2a.

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In addition to general exhaustion from war, the American people wanted to focus on domestic equality before moving forward with global equality and democracy. Anti-Vietnam War protests were not necessarily unwarranted, as the anti-democracy Tet Offensive of North Vietnam resulted in the deaths of thousands of American soldiers, with the vast majority of states reporting over 100 war casualties in 1968 alone. (Document E) Economically, the Vietnam War was challenging to manage, as the department of defense budget once again rose to today’s equivalent of 450 billion dollars, adding to an already quickly growing, massive national debt. (Document G)

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The actions and words of Andrew Johnson were very contradictory. The cartoon states: "Treason is a crime and must be made odious, and traitors must be punished". He told the people of a reconstruction plan that was supposed to punish the confederate rebels. Johnson did the opposite by ordering many pardons The Northern Republicans in Congress were ostracized because he continually vetoed their attempts at reconstruction.

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1. What was French Indochina? The French Indochina was the French colonial regions of Southeast Asia. The French Indochina consists of Cochin China, Tonkin, Kwangchowan, Cambodia, and Laos during the time of the colonial era. Today this region is separated into the nations of Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos. “What was French Indochina?”

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In 1963, Lindon B. Johnson inherited the White House from John F. Kennedy as well as the Vietnam War. Johnson vowed to not lose the war as he saw a Communist Asia would form if he failed to act correctly. When the counter insurgency in Vietnam began to fail, due to the Diem Coup, Johnson immediately increased America’s political and military presence in Vietnam. While being fully aware of the reports and documents he was given, he decided to intentionally mislead Congress as well as the public on America’s position in the war. Johnson and his administration knew that entering the war would be expensive and consuming, but they had motives to do so anyways.

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The United states got involved in the Vietnam war to contain communism. In Document 1 president Harry Truman says, when a country is ruled by the minority with a government that uses terror and oppression, the rights of the majority are being violated, and the United States ' policy must aid them. In communism, the basic human rights are not respected by the government, and the United States have

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There were many devastating effects of the Vietnam War. When America entered the war, we lost thousands of soldiers. The massive United States bombing of North and South Vietnam left the country destroyed. The use of Agent Orange not only put Vietnam’s environment in danger, but it also caused many health problems for our own troops and other innocent people. In terms of the government, presidents were trying very hard to win the war but weren’t very successful.

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As president Johnson gradually said, “since 1954 every American President offered support to the people South Viet-Nam. We have helped to build, and we have helped to defend. Thus, over many years, we have made a national pledge to help South Viet-Nam defend its independence. And I intend to keep it ( Doc 3 A).” According to the statistics in was America’s stance to fight in the Vietnam War because of the promise to help South Vietnam defend its independence.

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The United States we know today is the product of many different events and ideologies. From war to peace, and from isolation to internationalism, 44 different presidents with many altered circumstances participate in shaping the United States we know today. Scholars have subsequently discussed the way US Presidents manage foreign affairs, and they are still debating the successes and failures, or which among them deserve the most credit. In this research paper, I discuss the foreign policy of president Jimmy Carter and I examine the basic principals he stood on. Carter had many actions coming from a human rights approach.

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Johnson, the Vice president of Kennedy, came into the presidency with less to no in foreign relations in comparison to president Kennedy. President Johnson, will make this war an american war unlike the previous administration. In August of 1964, North Vietnamese patrol boats fired on an American ship. Johnson claimed this was an act of aggression by the Vietnamese. Congress, as a result, passed the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution.

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In the Vietnam war the United States lost everything that made it a superior defender for freedom and justice. We lost money and the support of American and South Vietnam citizens, because of that we lost our confidence and power. Without having confidence and feeling powerless, it questions whether we are capable of handling our nation 's conflicts while supporting South VIetnam. During the war the United States lost around $350-900 billion total in the Vietnam war (www.the vietnam war.info, 2014).

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The Vietnam War The war in Vietnam was an enduring struggle for independence that lasted twenty years. After being colonized and controlled by Japan, France, and China, Vietnam was ready to revolutionize and gain their independence. Once Ho Chi Minh, the new leader of Vietnam, adopted communism the United States became more worried about Soviet aggression. A communist Vietnam meant that neighboring countries could fall to communism through a theory called the domino theory. As the war began the United States soon found themselves in a state of social, economic, and political turmoil.

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President John F. Kennedy’s foreign policy consisted of showing our ruthlessness and our determination to win or beat anything that is thrown at us. On the other hand, President Lyndon B. Johnson’s foreign policy was destroyed with the Vietnam war. This war was inevitable, as it had be planned for the last the presidencies. For President Truman, and President Eisenhower had sent military advisers to help South Korea, and President Kennedy had sent more than 20,000 troops to South Korea. It would only be right for President Johnson to continue to long lived battle and bring it to an

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Vietnamization goal was “to gradually transfer responsibility for the fighting to the south vietnamese, betting that - aided by a handful of American advisers on the ground and he might of U.S. airpower - their troops could stand against the veteran battalions of north vietnam” (Fleming 1). We sent in all of our troops to somehow aid that country so that one day they could aid themselves. With no hope left for this war “U.S. President Richard M. Nixon gambled his presidency on a program called ‘vietnamization’” ( Fleming 1).

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