“the 1970s bill was considered by a single committee in each chamber. It came to the House floor as a draft and approved by the committee, and it was considered there under an open rule allowing all germane amendment. The Senate also considered
The Pendleton Civil Service Act was passed due to public disdain for the old spoils system. The spoils system had become too indoctrinated in the government and led to the assassination of President Garfield. Approved on January 16, 1883, the Pendleton Act established a merit-based system of selecting government officials and supervising their work. Following the assassination of President James A. Garfield by a disgruntled job seeker, Congress passed the Pendleton Act in January of 1883. The Civil Service Reform Act (called "the Pendleton Act") is an 1883 federal law that created the United States Civil Service Commission.
The Specific Relief Act 1950 (shall hereinafter be referred to as ‘SRA’) provides for instances where specific performance (shall hereinafter referred to as “SP”) may be made in section 11. To be granted, it relies heavily on the discretion of the court; “…the grant or refusal of specific performance remains a matter for the judge’s discretion. There are no binding rules, but this does not mean that there cannot be settled principles, founded upon practical considerations … which do not have to be re-examined in every case, but which the court will apply in all but exceptional circumstances.” [ Co-operative Insurance Society Ltd v Argyll Stores (Holdings) Ltd [1998] AC 1, per Lord Hoffman] SP is considered as an extraordinary remedy, awarded
Today I called the Illinois Representative Michael J. Madigan office and received his answering machine. I left him a message asking him to please consider passing bills for sentencing reform legislation, such as the Sentencing Reform and Corrections Act (SRCA), S.2123. I told him that I am a registered voter and it has come to my attention that the federal prison population has skyrocketed dramatically over the past 35 years and most of the people in the prisons are in for minimum drug sentences. I told him that while people are in prison they are losing income, job skills, and are typically unable to attend rehabilitation programs. All of these aspects make it extremely difficult for the people to obtain jobs or get on the right path once
The JJDP Act was created to protect juveniles, however, each state has the right to establish the age limit that they considered an adult. Essentially, each state can have their own legal defined age limit for when an individual is no longer considered a juvenile. Most states in the U.S has seventeen as the age when a person is considered an adult under the law. However, Georgia, Texas and few other states have the juvenile cut off age at sixteen and in past times, other states had it as low as fifteen (Tiegen, 2017). Inherently, this means that a young man or woman can’t be taken from family or juvenile court to adult court and taken through the same due process as an adult at the tender age of fifteen.
Elderly offenders are a number of men and women ages 55 years and older that face life sentence or waiting for parole. There are more male than female prisoners there's about 42% white prisoners, 33% are black and around 15% hispanic. Elderly prison have grown from 32,600 in 1995 to 124,400 in 2010. They say that about the year 2030 will approach one third of the total prison population. Elderly prisons are two to three times more expensive than younger offenders, they could be up $72,000 per year for medical care and housing.
Bush showed us that the way that some people deal with individuals with disabilities is not proper and that it should not be ignored. He even illustrated ways that we could fix this problem. This act for Americans with disabilities would allow individuals with disabilities to be as equal as the individuals that do not have problems physically or mentally. Bush’s logic did not limit his ability to persuade the nation on the positive impacts that this act would provide. His logical reasoning allowed listeners to understand this act and why it is important.
While Congress was not in session, President Nixon vetoed the law, (Rains, 1992). The following year Congress drafted the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, however, President Nixon once again vetoed this version. On the third attempt, the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 was finally passed. The law had promised equality to the disabled community, but it was not the Civil Rights moment they had hoped for. The Rehabilitation Act of 1972, implemented vocational training programs, and vowed to create programs within the Departments of Health and Education for the disable.
In the United States of America, there are many systems throughout the government. There is the Department of Health, Department of education, and many more to be listed. One system that often causes controversy is the Department of Correction, this department always raises the question; does our jail/correction system work? The correctional system has flaws and gives some result, however, there are more cases than not that prove the correctional system needs a great deal of improvement. Due to the living conditions and the activity inside of the United States prisons the prison system is looked at as dysfunctional.
Since it was enacted, a series of Supreme Court decisions weakened the protections of the Act by imposing very narrow interpretations of disability. Congress passed new legislation in 2008 that was called the ADA Amendments Act to reverse some of these decisions and strengthen the ADA. In passing the law in 2008, Congress
Human rights were initiated for the protection of the basic civil and political liberties in the general public. In the United Kingdom the Human Rights Act of 1998 came into force in October 2000. The aim of the HRA in the UK was to provide further legal effect to the basic rights and freedoms contained in the European Convention of Human Rights. The rights contained in the HRA not only affect essential matters of life and death, but also issues that occur in people 's daily life. Considering the broad range of basic rights covered, it is not astonishing that the HRA is viewed as one of the most significant segments of legislation ever passed in the UK.
V. PRISON REFORMS The main part of this research paper is the reforms for the conditions of prison and make prison a better place for prisoner and make an alternative for incarceration. The prison Reform for prevention of overcrowding in prisons: A ten-point method for reducing the overcrowding in the prisons all over the world, these points are1: 1. Collect and use data to inform a rational, humane and cost-effective use of prison.
Thesis Hypothesis and Statement: Prisons in in the United States of America are definitely overcrowded, they are understaffed and I believe put very little effort on rehabilitation. The U.S. prison system was set up to rehabilitate prisoners so they can blend back into society as good people. But the factors as high crime rate and of course, mandatory sentences have caused a very high over crowding in our jail systems. This have caused a high increase in the budget deficit. Some citizens will say, where was the rehabilitation that we once used and it has all but now disappeared in our prison and jail system today.
The process of aging in not an unfamiliar topic to society and is an inevitable phase of life. Since 2011, the number of older individuals are increasing annually particularly those from the baby boomer generation. The life expectancy has been increasing with people living longer thanks to modern medicine. These occurrences are proof that civilization is growing exponentially, however the process of aging also means that the older individuals are facing dilemmas such as decreased physical functions, financial instability from retirement, and abuse. Even older adults who are independent may face some limitations.
Custody sentences are for punishment, rehabilitation and education, however, there are different views to youth imprisonment. Some critics say if you commit a crime you should take responsibility and jail will give you a ‘short sharp shock’ and you will receive rehabilitation. Whilst some say it is damaging to children and would lead to further reoffending once they are out due to learning crimes off other criminals. Evidence does suggest that children who have more than one risk factor present are more than likely to be involved in criminal activities (Hopkins Burke, 2016 p. 232). There are three penal institutions sometimes called secure estates - local authority secure children's homes, secure training centres and young offender’s institutes.
