The idea of a federalist government is great, however, it has some downsides as well. Some advantages of federalism include keeping the government closer to the people, where states have the freedom and authority to make government decisions to local preferences. Federalism also allows local differences to reflected in the state and local government policy and reduce conflicts, this reduces the friction between interests and lessens conflict. The independent subnational governments allow for flexibility and experimentation, where successful policy innovations in one state can be adopted by other states and also the federal government. The achievement of at least some national goals is made easier by the participation of independent subnational
Because of the strict division between the two types of government, dual federalism is sometimes called layer-cake federalism. Southern states including Texas conflicted with national government because at the time, federalism was trying to involve the touch of civil rights but the southern states wanted to maintain a segregated society because it’s important and necessary for our political and economy. As conservatives made many political inroads during the 1970s, a new concept of federalism, which was kind of an old concept of federalism, became popular. It was called, the New Federalism. Block grants was one of the way to give the state more power by allowing states to decide what to do with federal money.
Interactions amid the provinces and the federal government, from constitutional issues to the most irresistible topics bang up-to-date in the country, are indemnified beneath the umbrella of “Federalism”. Authorities are shared so that on some matters, the state governments are decision-holders, whereas on the other matters, national government grasps the autonomy. In last twenty-five years, the upsurge of federal fiats on both governments, local and state, has shifted the power amongst state and national governments. Now, the national government is beginning to have more governance over the state’s engagements.
The key trait of ideology enabled totalitarian governments to commit atrocities the most during World War II because it made it clear who the enemy was, justifying the inhumane government actions. Ideology is a common totalitarian trait, set by the state, that can be defined as a set of beliefs that are expected to be followed and approved of by citizens to practice nationalism for the state. During the 1930s, during the Japanese invasion of China, Japan’s military had total domination over the government, which led to a society with right-wing patriotism/imperialist Japan, violence, and weakening democratic and socialist forces. One Japanese ideology that led to an atrocity is the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere, which encouraged the
Totaliarism is a system in which individuals govern without the support of the people tightly control over peoples lives and do not allow any opposing viewpoints. For an example Adolf Hitler and Joseph Stalin were both the leaders of a totalitarian government during world war two. Both had complete and total control over there countries by silence any type of opposing view. Even though both individuals were leaders in Totalitarian government, it was not the purest form of a totalitarian system because both couldn’t entirely remove all the critics for the government. In the Totaltarism system the government would have three features.
The number of such events outnumbered 20 and the number of people killed was nearly 160 million. In the history of the 20th century with its Nazism, ethnic cleansing, deportations, clash of empires, wars in Yugoslavia and Post-Soviet territories, violence that touched upon even Africa and Asia – it is nationalism to be blamed to be the reason of all this cruelty that existed globally in the 1900s. However, does nationalism always lead to genocide? In this essay, I would try to give an answer to this question and prove my opinion that nationalism in practice frequently leads to genocide, analyzing theory and history of the twentieth century particularly. I would try to shortly explain how nationalism is understood by different sociologists and historians, what was naturally meant by nationalism and what it became in practice,
Genocide What is Genocide? Many people have a hard time understanding what genocide actually is, is it going against humankind? Killing people for no reason just so you can prove a point to another person for no reason? Or then again could it be simply being against ethnical, racial, religious, or any type of a national gathering?
This term was used by the Serbs as a loophole to start a genocide against the bosnian muslims. “...ethnic cleansing campaign...not an actual genocide,” (Doc. I). The Universal Declarations of Human Rights represents a formal way of stating laws of our human rights, but many would choose to not follow the rules such as the Nazis. “Article 5- No one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment,” (Doc. E). When the wrong people come together for their “right” reason any evil act like genocide can be destructive, and laws become sand through
After the end of World War 1 in 1918, the US declared a policy of isolationism. Isolationism is a policy of non-involvement in other countries conflicts and politics and specifically for the US, non-involvement in European affairs. The US implemented this policy by denying the Treaty of Versailles in a vote of 39 to 55 in the Senate and consequently, did not join the League of Nations. This policy brought with it both positive and negative effects on the US. One positive effect is with isolation, the US can avoid the costs of dealing with conflicts in Europe and can avoid the negative effects on citizens.
I believe this is called racism, one very prominence distinguisher of ultra-nationalism. Later during the 5-day war between Russia, Georgia and South Ossetia, Georgia also exhibited ultranationalistic behaviors. During this war to try to win back the breakaway provinces of South Ossetia and Abkhazia, Georgia ruthlessly bombed South Ossetia using illegal weapons. This was a display of ultranationalism. This sort of ethnic cleansing and weakening can be seen through all walks of ultranationalistic history, and example being Stalin and the weakening of the Ukrainian anti-authoritarian fervour, through famine.
Genocide is the mass killing of people, usually for religious reasons, but now genocides happen mostly because no one can agree. An infamous example of one of the worst genocides was the killing of Bosnian-Muslims in Yugoslavia. After provinces like Slovenia and Croatia decided to secede from Serbia because of religious reasons, Serbia decided it was time to take action. After examining the political power, death rates, and the sole reason for the Yugoslavia murders, it is clear that the Serbian genocide is one of the worst in history. By looking at how the country was ran, the sheer panic seen in all of the government officials, and the amount of war and lives ruined, it is clear that the Bosnian-muslim genocide in Yugoslavia will always be
Governments typically derive their authority from those citizens that live within the country. Whether the citizens vote for the elected officials, vote for representatives, or in some instances, even vote for certain decisions within the government (think: Brexit), the citizens are considered in theory to be the ones with the most power within each country. Problems arise, however, when the decisions and opinions of the citizens do not align with those within the government, leading to strain between the two “ruling” and “ruled” groups. Expecting situations such as these, the founding fathers created various documents to ensure that the goals of the two groups aligned, and that the rights of the citizens were protected above all. James
These Pillars are developed to ensure that States do not cause harm to their own citizens and cause these four specified crimes and violations: Genocide, War crimes, Ethnic cleansing and Crimes against humanity. However, if it becomes clear that a State is failing its
The United States Government can be described in two ways. There is unified government, which appears when the President and both houses of congress share the same party. Divided government is the opposite, it occurs when one party controls the white house, and another party controls one or more houses of Congress. A unified government should seem to be more productive because enacting laws would be much easier. A bill has to pass through both houses of congress as well as the president before it can be an official law.
Giuseppe Mazzini and Mikhail Bakunin were born in the 19th century, 1805 and 1814 respectively. Mazzini, a politician, and Mikhail Bakunin, a philosopher, had different ideas, but they both seemed to agree with their different arguments, that cosmopolitanism, even though its arguments were ideal, they wouldn’t be able to put in practice in reality. The term cosmopolitanism comes from two different Greek words, kosmos which means “world” and polis, “city”. Thus, a cosmopolitan is a “citizen of the world”.
