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Mandibular Morphology

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A clinician should have complete knowledge of anatomic variation of macrostructure and internal and external root canal anatomy. A successful endodontic treatment includes locating the root canal orifice ,chemico mechanical cleaning and shaping of root canals before a dense root canal filling with a hermetic seal. It is known that mandibular first molar can display significant anatomical variations namely as number of roots, number of root canals and morphology. The presence of an additional root located lingually (the radix entomolaris) or buccally (radix paramolaris) has been reported some times in mandibular molars. However, in such a case, an awareness and understanding of this unusual root and its root canal morphology can contribute to …show more content…

The study carried out by Sperbergh (8) in African population showed a maximum frequency of 3%, while in Eurasian and Indian population as reported by Tratman (9) the frequency is less than 5%. Mongoloid traits (such as Chinese, Eskimo and American Indians) Curzon (10) have noted that the RE occurs with a frequency that changes from 5% to more than 30%. Ferraz (11) reported that in Caucasians the RE is not very common and with a maximum frequency of 5.4 to 4.2% is considered to be unusual and dysmorphic root …show more content…

Small type: length shorter than half of the length of the distobuccal root. 2. Conical type: smaller than the small type and having no root canal within it. Radix paramolaris (additional root located buccally) Prevalence: Bolk reported the occurrence of radix paramolaris [13]. Radix paramolaris is very rare and occurs less frequently than radix entomolaris. Visser reported the prevalence of radix paramolaris to be 0% for mandibular first molars, 0.5% for second molars and 2% for third molars [14]. Classification: Carlsen & Alexandersen (1991) classified radix paramolaris (RP) into two different types: 1. Type A: cervical part is located on the mesial root complex. 2. Type B: cervical part is located centrally, between the mesial and distal root complexes. Morphology: The radix paramolaris (RP) is located mesiobuccally. The dimensions of RP may vary from short conical extension to a mature root which can be separate or fuse. Few observations can be made from various studies, i.e. an increased number of cusps is not necessarily related to an increased number of roots; however, an additional root is always associated with an increased number of cusps, and with an increased number of root canals Clinical

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A dental hygienist noticed that one of her patients was having a periodontal disease that was not noted in the chart. She tried to discuss this with a dentist by stating that her patient have a moderately advanced stage of periodontal disease. The probing results showed that some of the patient's periodontal pockets were 6 mm deep. The dentist response was not to worry about the patient and to keep cleaning out the pockets periodically. The dental hygienist did not feel comfortable treating the patient and asked a dentist to excuse her from performing a treatment.

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My conventional dentist urged me to have root canals which I eventually did because I did not know what else to do. Dentistry offers very few choices when a tooth becomes badly damaged or dies. The tooth can either be extracted or a procedure called a root canal can be done to “save the tooth.” Root canals are a standard

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Dental assistants’ contribution to the doctor is to allow for efficient dental treatment by preparing the patient for the procedure, sterilizing instruments, passing instruments during the procedure, holding suction devices, exposing dental radiographs, taking impressions, and fabricating provisional crowns. Along with crowns, Rt1 Dental offers veneers which are wafer-thin, custom-made shells of tooth-colored materials designed to cover the front surface of teeth to improve your smile. Many people are skeptical about other procedures like cavities and root canals. During these procedures, pain is thought to be the leading dynamic because of the injections. The assistants and Dr. Trakhtman know of various techniques to help lessen the pain

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Read on to learn more about root canals and how we can help you stay comfortable throughout treatment. Why might I need a root canal? Root canals are necessary when a tooth becomes infected. The interior of the tooth contains what’s called dental pulp, and when this becomes infected, it needs to be cleaned out.

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The chin or mandibular symphysis can be analyzed by looking at the profile of the mandibule. The shape of dental arcade can be determined by looking at the skull from a ventral view and analyzing the shape that the upper teeth generate. The dentition can be determined by analyzing the size of the overall teeth with the size of the overall facial size. Finally, the retromolar space can be identified by evaluating the space between the last molar and the rest of the

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Does the use of a dental endoscope improve periodontal outcomes of scaling and root planning? Obtaining more information on the use of the dental endoscope would gather an understanding and help to educate the public, particularly the dental professional group, on what this new product is and the efficiency of it. I gathered this information for my research from peer reviewed websites on google scholar. Chapter 2 Each of the peer-reviewed articles had information in common.

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In fact, after the permanent molars have erupted, the space available for the

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This root tip was choosen because of its rapid growth and it can be easily avaliable and grown in large numbers. The rapid root growth proved advantageous as it allowed the observation of multiple cells in each mitotic stage within a small sample. It was expected that the majority of the cells found would be in interphase as a large proportion of the cell division cycle is spent with the cell performing its normal cellular functions. Materials: The Materials required for this experiment include; a

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Bones may be classified into four types, according to these shape. These are long bones, short bones, flat bones and irregular bones; they are different in anatomy and the mechanism of development (Gardner and Shoback 2007). 2.2 Bone Tissue Bone tissue is a complex structure that consists of cortical or compact bone and cancellous or spongy or trabecular boneg(Figure 2.1) (Seeman and Delmas 2006). The outside of cortical bone is called periosteum and the inner side is called endosteum (Buckwalter et al. 1996).

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Character 4- Cavity lateral ; on the skull- This is a synapomorphy characteristic between both Odocoileus(Female and Male). Character 5-

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Radicular cysts comprise of about 52% to 68% of all cysts affecting the human jaws. 1,4 Non keratinized stratified squamous epithelium 6-20 cell layers thick sometimes even 50 layers thick . The epithelial linings may be proliferating and show arcading Pattern with an intense associated inflammatory process . The inflammatory cell infiltrate in the proliferating epithelial linings is predominantly PMN leukocytes where as the adjacent fibrous capsule is infiltrated mainly by chronic inflammatory cells. Rushton bodies are seen in the epithelial lining characterized by a glassy pink (hyalinised appearance)in approximately 10% of the radicular cysts.

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The other major advantage with respect to teeth on comparison with any other body part or material is it requires to collect them inless time and are non-invasive and easy to perform.(7).Among the teeths, mandibular canines have a better mean age of eruption from 10 to87 years and are also less affected than other teeth by periodontal diseases. These teeths form the last teeth to be extracted with respect to age. The other potential option for identification could be the Canine teeth as studies provies them better likely to survive severe trauma such as air disasters, hurricanes or conflagration. These advantages with canine teeth indicates that canines can be considered as the 'key teeth' for personal identification

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2130 Words | 9 Pages

The nasal septum bisects the nasal cavity and comprises three portions: the bony perpendicular plate of the ethmoid (superoanterior) and the vomer (posterior and anteroinferior), a cartilaginous anterior triangle, and an inferior membranous columella that divides the nares anteriorly. Laterally, the nasal wall has three or more horizontal ridges termed turbinates, with a corresponding meatus below each (Figure 1.4). During the sixth week of embryologic development, before cartilage forms in the walls of the primitive nasal cavities, linear outgrowths of the lining epithelium occur on the sides and roof of each nasal side. Each outgrowing gutter becomes a meatus, whereas the ridges left behind form the turbinates.8,16 The inferior turbinate is the largest, arising from the medial wall of the maxillary sinus.

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The borings found from these specimens had a narrow aperture. This species was unique and had small micro-tunnels that extended from the main chamber. This is probably a result of root tendrils that extend from the main structure. If this structure is true to the root morphology than this species should have a higher surface area to volume ratio than any other currently studied Osedax

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1173 Words | 5 Pages

The ultrasonic scaler has a tip that vibrates in the ultrasonic frequency and effectively shakes and breaks the calculus off of the root surface. Part by its direct mechanical effect. Particularly by creation of a “cavitational effect” in which microscopic bubbles in the water irrigant around the tip are formed. They then implode to release energy. There is a wide range of different types of hand instruments that are designed for use either sub-gingivally or supra gingivally.

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