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Reading And Assessing Police Evidence Paper

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Reading and Assessing Police Reports Reading and assessing police reports is an essential part of law enforcement. It allows investigators to discover patterns of crime, and allows analyst to convey this discovery to police officers. This data can be used to formulate a suspect of a crime and what area they are committing crimes. Analyzing these reports allows officers to gain valuable intelligence and in-sight to an offender’s criminal conduct.
What is a crime series? Crime series is defined as a “set of crimes believed to have been committed by the same offender or offenders” (Velarde, 2014, p.67). What makes crime series unique in assessing crime is linking physical evidence that an offender establishes between crimes. Offenders …show more content…

“Physical evidence usually involves objects found at the scene of a crime. Physical evidence may consist of all sorts of prints such as fingerprints, footprints, handprints, tidemarks, cut marks, tool marks, etc.” (US Legal, 2015). Examining physical evidence found at the crime scene allows investigators to link related crimes through forensic analysis to establish a crime series.
Offender Description Offender description is another important factor to link offenders to a crime series. Offenders build; age, name, height, eye color, type of clothing worn, complexion, body type, mannerisms, and identifying marks can be used to generate a suspect profile. Investigators can use these descriptions as a tool to accurately connect a multitude of crimes to an offender based on prior description data.
Distance and decay Distance decay is defined as “the decreasing probability of an offender traveling far from home to commit a crime” (Paynich & Hill, 2014, p.75). An offender’s activity will decrease as they distance themselves away from their …show more content…

One example of how an offender will most likely offend in their neighborhood is burglaries. Offenders will not break into a home of their neighbor so they will not draw attention to their anchor point. They will however commit a burglary a few blocks away on a home that they know the routine of the people residing there to increase their anonymity.
Methods used by offenders to commit crime There are four methods an offender uses to find targets for crime. The first is the hunter method. The hunter method can best be described as an offender who leaves their residence for the sole purpose of finding a victim. A poacher describes an offender that will commute to a different area to commit crimes. Trollers are offenders that perform their daily routines as they deviously come upon a victim. Finally, trappers are offenders that purposefully conceive ways for a victim to meet with them.
Most often used

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The information used comes from other crimes scenes, police reports, psychological evaluations, and victimology reports. When using inductive reasoning, the profiler must first start with a hypothesis, and then information is gathered to support or reject the hypothesis. This type of profiling focuses on the “typical” offender for the type of crime they committed (Bartol & Bartol,

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The Uniform Crime Report can be perceived from numerous different standpoints: structuralist, constructionist, positivist, and integrationist. People may argue which perspective best represents the UCR, but it is not definite. The structuralist perspective is based off of conflict theories, such as feminist and Marxist theories where they demonstrate the “unequal distribution of power in society” (Morden and Palys, 2015, p. 75). Structuralists would also interpret the data from the records and analyze it with the intent to determine the distribution of societal power instead of the fact that it is simply data based off societal misconduct reported by the police (Morden and Palys, 2015). Essentially, individuals who follow the structuralist form, focus more on the qualitative facts rather than the quantitative facts as shown within the UCR’s, thus the structuralist perspective is not an accurate depiction of the

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Considering the FBI Uniform Crime Report and the National Crime Victimization Survey Introduction Crime rates of America have pushed its Government to turn to recording of detailed crime history for its further analysis. Though there are two main programs designed for crime uncovering, that is, the FBI Uniform Crime Report and the National Crime Victimization Survey, recent amounts of crime suggest some weaknesses of methods used by them. This paper will consider disadvantages of both programs and on their grounds will suppose the most valuable for criminologists to use as a crime measuring device. Criticism of the FBI Uniform Crime Report The FBI Uniform Crime Report has some disadvantages in comparison with the National Crime Victimization

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Rates response and Crime reporting Lorie Daniels CJS/200 Friday July10, 2015 Scott Smith Rates response and Crime reporting The main purpose of major crime reporting programs is to help the public and citizens of all community know how those programs operate, as well as informing them all how the crime activity are and also proper enforcement and laws for those acts. When making the crime reporting programs successful, they must follow though, citizens of community and etc… needs and want to be up to date and feel safe. To make the reporting programs successful it needs to also be very correct.

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Predictive Analysis Report Predictive policing aims to enhance law enforcement efforts by using data analysis and technology to predict and prevent crime (Guzman, 2019). Predictive policing seeks to anticipate where and when crimes are likely to occur, allowing law enforcement agencies to deploy resources proactively to deter criminal activity. By identifying high-risk areas and times, police can allocate their resources more efficiently, focusing on areas with the highest probability of criminal activity. Law enforcement agencies gather various types of data, including crime reports, arrest records, demographic information, and environmental factors such as weather and time of day. Law enforcement agencies deploy officers and resources to the predicted high-risk areas and times, aiming to

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They use an ability called crime analysis. Crime analysis is a law enforcement technique that involves systematic analysis. They use it to find patterns and trends in criminals. When a criminal kills people that all look the same that would be a pattern. If someone kills people that all look alike it usually means someone that looks like that hurt the

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The Uniform Crime Reports verses The National Incident Based Reporting System The purpose of this abstract is to critically review the primary data sources used in the criminological research. The two primary data sources discuss in this abstract will be the Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) and the National Incident Based Reporting System (NIBRS). These data sources are reporting mechanism that tracks criminal activities in the United States.

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Methods Overview The overall strategy and design of my research is to examine regions and environmental areas to answer the question, “What effect does environmental and regional influence have on where serial killers kill ”? This study was a mixed-method study, and it was observational and qualitative. The observational and qualitative data is considered legitimate within the field of discipline, because observing where the serial killers kill in the United States includes the observation of the serial killers and of the environmental uniqueness of where the serial killers decide to kill the victims. Observing where in the United States there are sprees of killing take place and the regional

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It will examine different elements, such as location of crime, weapon used, relationship to offender, in relations to individual identify such as race, gender, and class.

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This profile could include what type of lifestyle the offender fits into—blue collar worker or white collar businessman—race, gender, level of education, behavioral characteristics, marital status, how well the offender is able to communicate, whether or not the offender feels guilt, criminal history, mental capacity, the possibility of committing another crime, and whether or not the crime was committed to gain sexual gratification (O’Toole, 1999). While profiles do not include all of this information, profilers strive to deduct all of the information that is possible about the offender. One of the main focuses of a profiler is to discover five behavioral characteristics of the offender; the level of planning, the amount of control, emotional involvement, the risk levels of the offender and victim, and if the scene was organized or

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The descriptive model included nice different phases that the researchers incorporated. These phases were offender routine activities and victim routine activities, finding a hunting ground, selection of a particular victim, how to approach the victim, how to choose the location of the attack, how to bring the victim to the crime location site, the choice of the crime site, the commission of the crime, and the release location of the victim. By using all of these phases the researchers set out to explore crime from the offenders perspective. By using this sort of approach to answer the research question, the researchers wanted to understand the decision making process that this type of subpopulation of criminals used. This type of research has not been done on this type of offender; mostly this theory is applied to less violent

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The criminal justice system exists to protect society while also punishing or rehabilitating offenders of the law. Progression in rehabilitating criminals and prevention of criminal activity has given rise to the study of criminal behavior. Where the focus is predicting who will commit violent or criminal acts and intervening to prevent repetitive or initial action. A great deal of knowledge of criminal behavior derives from the apprehension and study of criminal offenders. Though even some understanding can be gathered from offenders that to this day elude law enforcement, such as the case of Jack the Ripper.

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Offender profiling it’s used to analyze crime scenes such as how was it committed the behavior and predicting characteristic of the criminal. It is not as effective because some things are hard to predict such as physical characteristic, but the possible chance that criminals have certain personality characteristics such as mental illness, which most of them have different symptoms could help know some more about the offender. It is not always effective due to unsuccessful cases such as the criminal changing its motive or change geographical pattern. It is a big help to recognize and know more about the suspect. Some dangers in using offender profiling is that a wrong suspect might be captured instead of the one predicted.

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Furthermore, the psychology of criminal behavior, psychology, and criminology all have a primary objective of achieving an understanding of the variation in the criminal behavior of individuals (Andrews and Bonta , 2010). Empirically, the study of variation in criminal behavior is done by the studying of covariates (Andrews and Bonta , 2010). The primary covariates that PCC studies are biological, social, and psychological (Andrews and Bonta , 2010). Although, criminology tends to assess criminality at an aggregate level, in comparison to the psychology of criminal conduct’s focus on an individual level. Additionally, a psychology of criminal conduct involves applying what is learned by the studying of psychological information and methods to the predicting and influencing the propensity of criminal behavior on an individual

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They seek to gain answers to what really happens on the streets, police stations, behind prison bars and courtrooms, They collect much of their information by analyzing data sets and statistical studies mainly on topics relating to drug use and homicide rates. Not only does it attempt to explain crimes within a societal background and the variations between our society, but this brings me to the three distinct theories as stated in the book on page 67, that attempt to explain why criminals behave in a certain

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