Privacy is an important right, it is a necessary condition for other human rights stated in the UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS which is common standard for all nations, and it included rights such as a person’s right to freedom and dignity stated in article one. [7]. There is also a relationship between privacy, freedom and human dignity. Respecting a person's privacy is to acknowledge such a person's right to freedom and to recognize that individual as a human being.
The duty to respect a person's privacy is furthermore an obligation. In other words, it is not an absolute duty that does not allow for exceptions.
Privacy and Confidentiality (Secrecy) also have relations when it comes to information. The confidential treatment of information
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IT is the use of any computers, storage, networking and other physical devices, infrastructure and processes to create, process, store, secure and exchange all forms of electronic data. [7]
Collection of Information
Governments collect enormous amounts of information on individuals and corporations/organisations. The data stored by the governments is used for an assortment of purposes including but not limited to, including climate monitoring, securities law compliance, geological surveys, patent applications and grants, surveillance, national security, border control, law enforcement, public health, voter registration, vehicle registration, social security, and statistics. [8] Corporations do the same but for commercial purposes; to increase their business, control expense, enhance profitability, gain market share and increase consumer/customer reach etc. Technology allows vast amount of data, measured in petabytes (PB) (1 PB is the equivalent of 1,125,899,906,842,624 bytes), to be centrally stored and accessed efficiently and without major effort, if required. When data is accessed it can be cross reference by manipulating data to create new meaning i.e. set of data viewed is part context of
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Data controllers have responsibilities; all data controllers must comply with certain important rules about how they collect and use personal information, some data controllers must register annually with the Data Protection Commissioner, in order to make transparent their data handling practices, this is mostly done if the data controller is responsible for personal information retaining to individuals. [9] Some companies only store personal data for other organisation; if a company does not decide or have any input in the use of the data, it only hold/stores that data and it is the organisation who controls the use of data, the company is called a data processor and the organisation is the data controller. Examples of data processors are payroll companies, accountants, market research companies and cloud storage providers; all store information on behalf of another company/organisation. Data processors have a very limited set of responsibilities under the Data Protection Act. They must only process personal data on the instructions of the Data Controller. These responsibilities concern the requirement to keep personal data secure from unauthorised access, disclosure, destruction or accidental loss. In addition all data processors, whose business consists wholly or partly in processing personal data on behalf of data controllers who are required