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Reno Vs. ACLU Case Study

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The Effect Pornographic Material Has On the Internet
The Reno vs. ACLU case in 1997 played a major rule in the American society as well as tried to approach the issue using the first amendment as well as the Communications Decency Act (CDA). The United States Supreme Court used nine Justices of the Court to reflect on the CDA and voted to strike down the anti-indecency provision within the act because it violated the first amendment, which is freedom of speech. Two Justices agreed to a limited extent and dissented the decision. This was the main major Supreme Court administering on the direction of materials circulated by means of the Internet. Two provisions of the Communications Decency Act of 1996 is to seek and protect minors from detrimental material on the Internet, as well as an worldwide network of unified computers …show more content…

The decision within the Ginsberg vs New York in 1968 said that material that may be potentially harmful for minors can be controlled, even if it is not explicit. Title 47 U. S. C. § 223(a)(I)(B)(ii) criminalizes the knowing transmission of obscene or indecent messages to any recipient under 18 years of age. Section 223(d) prohibits the knowing sending or displaying to a person under 18 of any message that, in context, depicts or describes, in terms patently offensive as measured by contemporary community standards, sexual or excretory activities, or organs. Those two statues were within the case that showed the criminal prosecution for transmission of pornography over the internet. The directive against authorization of § 223(d) is inadequate in light of the fact that that segment contains no different reference to indecency or kid explicit entertainment. 1 Corinthians 6:13 states “Food is meant for the stomach and the stomach for food and God will destroy both one and the other. The body is not meant for sexual immorality, but for the Lord, and the Lord for the body”

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United States v. Morrison was a supreme court case about violence against women. In 1944 while enrolled at Virginia polytechnic institute, Christy Brzonkala alleged that Antonio Morrison and James Crawford sexually assaulted her. Both male students were varsity football players. In 1995 Christy filed a complaint against Morrison and Crawford under Virginia Tech 's Sexual Assault Policy. After a hearing, Morrison was found guilty and Crawford was not.

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Worcester v. Georgia By Sydney Stephenson Worcester v. Georgia is a case that impacted tribal sovereignty in the United States and the amount of power the state had over native American territories. Samuel Worcester was a minister affiliated with the ABCFM (American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions). In 1827 the board sent Worcester to join its Cherokee mission in Georgia. Upon his arrival, Worcester began working with Elias Boudinot, the editor of the Cherokee Phoenix (the first Native American newspaper in the United States) to translate religious text into the Cherokee language. Over time Worcester became a close friend of the Cherokee leaders and advised them about their political and legal rights under the Constitution and federal-Cherokee treaties.

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Gideon V. Wainwright 372 U.S. 335, 83 S. Ct. 792, 9 L. Ed. 2d 799 (1963) is the case I have chose to brief. According to US courts website “Clarence Earl Gideon was an unlikely hero. He was a man with an eighth-grade education who ran away from home when he was in middle school. He spent much of his early adult life as a drifter, spending time in and out of prisons for nonviolent crimes. ”The Petitioner within the case was Clarence Earl Gideon.

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The case of Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District is an important piece of history regarding the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution and how it applies to students ' right to freedom of speech. The First Amendment states that "Congress shall make no law...abridging the freedom of speech", and the Supreme Court has the job to judge whether or not the laws violate the Constitutional Amendments. The case was the result of three students suspended from school for wearing armbands protesting the Vietnam War. According the U.S. Supreme Court, students do not shed their rights as American citizens when the students enter the school, leading the students to wear what they desire as long as it does not disrupt class. The

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Due to this minors are able to use the website without the knowledge of the website, this means that it is still restricted for sex offenders solely because of the possibility of a minor being present on the site. This restricts almost every website including college sign-up websites, amazon, and even google search engine. The internet is such a part of human life that it is now considered a basic human right by the united nations. If the law is so broad that sex offenders are advised to just avoid it entirely, then they are being denied the basic human rights that all people have. According to Amnesty International “Human rights are basic rights and freedoms that all people are entitled to regardless of

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Concessions fully denies that it violated the Federal Labor Standards Act (FLSA), 29 U.S.C. §201, et seq. by not properly compensating Mr. Berkeley for any non-tipped duties. The FLSA permits tipped employees to perform related duties that are not directed toward producing tips. See 29 C.F.R. §531.56 (e).

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Furman V Georgia The ruling in Furman V Georgia by the United State Supreme Court set a major precedent regarding the death penalty. Furman was an impoverished, black man who was brought to local trial because of a murder he committed. He and his lawyer were given only $150 and a poor man’s trial to settle his case. Furman testified that he accidently killed the victim while trying to rob his house.

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In June 21, 1973, Miller was convicted on the ground of advertising the sale of what was considered by the court as adult material. He was found guilty as he broke the California Statute. The California Statute forbids citizens from spreading what is considered offensive in societal standards. The question that was being asked was that if the action of Miller was Constitution thus is protected under the law. However, he lost the case due to a vote of 5 - 4.

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The reason people wanted the death penalty to be deemed unconstitutional was because the way it was being carried out. Under the eighth amendment, it forbids cruel and unusual punishment. The way the death penalty was acting against the eighth amendment was that the death penalty at the time did not have the guidelines that the death penalty has today. The death penalty was being used in an excessive manner. In the Furman v. Georgia case of 1972, Justices were not happy with the death penalty and wanted it abolished in the United States of America.

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The nineteen hundreds marked a period of improvement in all aspects of society: economy, politics, standard of living, technology, and entertainment. However, one thing that did not improve till the late nineteen hundreds was integration of African Americans into society. While it took several years for legislation to pass the Civil Rights Act, it was achieved through new organizations, protests, and court cases which passed laws in favor of desegregation. Considering African Americans were still facing segregation-despite the passage of amendments and laws in their favor- they knew the only way they could make a change was to take matters into their own hands.

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1a) The internet is compared to provide an interpretation of the first amendment protection as it was not present at the time of passing protection laws as a communication medium to find a common ground because it has similarities and as well as differing natures, values, abuses and dangers to the library, television and public places which the law treats differently. Libraries: It requires the libraries to enable the filter to Internet access for adults as well as children if they want to receive funds for Internet hookups.

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Censorship can be described as the act of cutting out certain material that can be considered obscene or inconvenient for the community. This material can be found in social media such as in the TV, radio, or the internet. Censorship can be challenged because of the first amendment: freedom of speech. Free expression is the right of expressing opinions and ideas without any fear of being restrained or censored. However, freedom of speech does not include the right to incite actions that would harm others or the distribution of obscene material (Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts, 2000).

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