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Routine Activities Theory And Situational Crime Prevention Essay

460 Words2 Pages

Routine activities theory and situational crime prevention are similar in context. Routine activities theory sets to explain crime by factors that influence a range of choices in crime available to individuals. These choices include three elements: motivated offenders, lack of cable guardians, and a suitable target. Routine activities also argues that certain lifestyles increase exposure to risk of victimization. Similarly there is situational crime prevention. Situational crime prevention looks more at the role of opportunity in both causing and preventing crime and believes that making choice of crime less attractive will decrease crime. This theory states that the nature of situation can affect their choices to break the law and that there …show more content…

I would take the first step to make sure there are no physical opportunities or that you aren’t a suitable target. For example don’t leave big boxes of new appliances, TV’s, etc. outside your front door so no offender knows that there is an opportunity or something nice in your house. To reduce the risk of property crime you would also want to make crime less attractive and the increase the idea of a capable guardian by increasing lighting around your home and getting security alarms, or get a security alarm sign for your yard so the offender thinks you have one. By doing this you will be making the choice of property crime look less attractive, as well as making sure you don’t look like a suitable target and there doesn’t seem to make a lack of a capable guardian. If you have no obvious sign you have nice stuff, and have good lighting and a security system an offender also isn’t going to be motivated to steal your stuff. When it comes to violent crime reduction there are also different precautions to take. One major one would to be mixing up your day- to -day routine. By mixing up your routine an offender isn’t going to know when the best time to attack would be so they would be less motivated to attack. Other precautions would be to not go out at night or alone. If you go out alone you are going to be seen as a more suitable target than with other people because

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Routine activity theory provides insights by explaining that a crime requires the presence of a suitable target (Shymko),without such a target, the motivated offender lacks the necessary incentives to commit a crime (Shymko). Motivated offenders consider two primary factors when determining an individual as a suitable target. The first factor is the absence of an effective guardian who can prevent criminal acts. In the absence of one, the likelihood of criminal activity increases significantly (Shymko). Potential offenders are aware that there is no one to hold them accountable or prevent their actions.

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This theory is based on three elements of why the crime occurs: “a motivated offender, suitable target, and lack of guardians” (Burkey, T., 2015). A motived offender is an offender that is committed and capable of committing the crime (Burkey, T., 2015) A suitable target “can be an object or person”, the offender may pick someone or something that is vulnerable and has some kind of award/ benefit towards the offender (Burkey, T., 2015). For example, a robber’s suitable target would be someone who has looks to be rich by what a person is wearing and that is probably coming out a bank because that would give the robber a hint that the person just took out money. Lack of capable of guardians is not having an adult who could stop the offender from committing the crime which can also go to suitable target because this can show vulnerability (Tewksbury, R.,

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Within the past couple of decades, criminologists have developed different criminological theories that apply to the social behaviors and decisions of criminals. One of the earliest theories developed regarding criminality is the rational choice theory, in which describes the rationalization of determining if the rewards from committing the crime outweigh the consequences. In Scarver’s case, his decision to engage in criminal activities outweighed the potential consequences, or the other alternatives if he did not engage in such criminal activities. In addition to the rational choice theory, Scarver’s criminality can be related to the social disorganization theory, which describes the influence of one’s social and physical environment on one’s decision to commit a crime. Lastly, the strain theory can be related to Scarver’s criminality as well, as it is used to describe an individual who lacks the means to obtain such goals, and aspirations, so therefore, he or she engages in criminal activities to acquire the goals.

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It does not consider other factors such as criminal associations, individual traits, and inner strains, which plays a significant role in determining punishment for the individuals in committing crimes. It is observed that this theory endeavours to know that whether the activities of crime as well as the victim’s choice, criminals commit the activities on start from rational decisions. The theory also determines that criminals consider different elements before committing crime. They engage in the exchange of ideas before reaching on any final decision. These elements consist of consequences of their crimes, which include revealing their families to problems or death, chances of being arrested, and others elements, which comprises of placement of surveillance systems (Walsh & Hemmens, 2010; Lichbach,

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