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Schizophrenia Literature Review

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Literature review Symptom types of Schizophrenia Schizophrenia is generally divided according to symptom types. The symptoms of schizophrenia have been divided into three specific complexes (i.e., positive symptoms, negative symptoms and cognitive deficits; Buchanan, 2007), while others use a dichotomous model, such as type I and type II Schizophrenia (Crow, 1980) that roughly corresponds to positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia (Andreasen, 1982). Positive symptoms were characterized over the past 150 years by active excesses in normal functioning; while negative symptoms of schizophrenia are characterized by a loss of normal functioning (Berrios, 1985; Rector, Beck & Stolar, 2005). Hence, while there are different symptom types, all typologies and dimensional models acknowledge negative symptoms. Negative symptoms of schizophrenia are thought to be a marker of dysfunction and cognitive impairments (Rabinowtiz et al., 2012). Historically, negative …show more content…

The prevalence of Negative symptoms in first-episode psychosis is high. Estimates range from 50-90% at first episode, with 20-40% persisting negative symptoms (e.g., Makinen et al., 2008). These symptoms usually include psychomotor retardation, avolition, apathy, anhedonia, attentional impairment, and decreased emotional expression when at first episode (Potkin, 2014). The prevalence of negative symptoms in chronic schizophrenia is inconclusive. It varies considerably (35–90%) possibly due to the use of different measurement instruments, research in heterogeneous populations, and measurement during different stages of illness (Lyne et al., 2012). Negative symptoms are highly prevalent amongst schizophrenia patients and therefore, may help predict poorer social outcomes, such as social stagnation (Dlabac-de Lange, Knegtering & Aleman,

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Supporting the DSM-5 checklist for a diagnosis of schizophrenia is the fact that the symptoms first began when Randy was in college and these have increased over time. The information provided on Randy’s family history, his school/social history, plus the description of his current lifestyle and the symptoms he now displays, could be used by the biological theorist

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178 Words | 1 Pages

The most obvious symptoms that Etta displays are the positive symptoms of schizophrenia. Etta has delusions along with hallucinations. Among the delusions she discussed, one of them was her belief that her and Jesus Christ communicate with one another, and that some type of eagle watched over her. Etta discussed one of the auditory hallucinations she has, which is a gunshot. This auditory hallucination plays a part with the delusions that occur, where the sound of the gunshot means that she cannot answer the door or answer the phone.

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1169 Words | 5 Pages

In Schiller’s case, she began to develop symptoms of Schizophrenia at the young age of 17. When she first experienced “The Voices” as she calls them, she was working at a summer camp. She was in the process of dealing with a breakup when in the middle of the night, she heard a powerful Voice say “You must die!” (Schiller, L., 6). The Voices continually screamed obscene profanity at her until she would leave her room and run outside onto a trampoline and jumped until she was physically exhausted.

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648 Words | 3 Pages

The Memory Palace, by Mira Bartok, is the story of a woman’s life with her schizophrenic mother. After a major car accident, Myra was left with traumatic brain injuries, affecting her memory. Myra and her older sister flew back to Cleveland to be with their dying, schizophrenic mother, Norma Herr, in her final hours. After discovering her mother’s storage locker, Myra reminisced her childhood and reflected on her mentally ill mother as a parent. As children, Myra and her older sister, Rachel, were forced to grow up with their unstable mother.

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1308 Words | 6 Pages

Annotated Bibliography Chase, Ronald. Schizophrenia. “A Brother Finds Answers in Biological Science.” Library Journal. 2013.

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902 Words | 4 Pages

alone there are as many people with schizophrenia as the combined populations of Wyoming, Vermont, Delaware, and Hawaii” (Johnston 302). Schizophrenia defined is a severe mental condition that interferes with normal thought processes and is known to cause delusions; “an incorrect belief about reality that is clearly false”, hallucinations; “A disruption in one’s perception of reality, in which the senses perceive stimulation that does not actually exist”, paranoia; “fear of threats and persecution not based on reality”, and mental disorganization. Similarly to Horton people who suffer from schizophrenia will have delusions and hallucinations. They have mistaken beliefs, perceive things that do not exist, and will often hear voices (Schizophrenia).

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698 Words | 3 Pages

Effects of schizophrenia include symptoms such as hallucinations, delusions, and unorganized thinking; increased depression and suicidal thoughts; and discrimination/stigmas. First and foremost, schizophrenia is made up of devastating symptoms which leave lasting effects on people with the illness. The most common symptoms include hallucinations, delusions,

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550 Words | 3 Pages

People suffering from schizophrenia may experience “delusions, hallucinations, and trouble with thinking and concentration “(Parekh). Treatment for schizophrenics remains lifelong, even when symptoms decrease. Psychological therapy and medicines may help manage this illness. Antipsychotic medications are the most commonly prescribed drugs, “thought to control symptoms by affecting the brain neurotransmitter dopamine” (Pruthi). Antidepressants and anti-anxiety medications help for some patients as well.

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550 Words | 3 Pages

Have you ever witnessed somebody talking to themselves, or even pretending like they have an imaginary friend? While you might think that they are completely crazy, the truth is that they might potentially be a patient of schizophrenia. Schizophrenia is a brain disorder that affects the way a person acts, thinks and sees the world. People with schizophrenia have “an altered perception of reality” (“Schizophrenia” 1). As seen in Anthony Horowitz’s, “The Hitchhiker”, schizophrenia is no joke.

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1097 Words | 5 Pages

Disordered thinking, lack of emotional expressiveness, and disturbances in their movement or behavior are just a few consequences of Schizophrenia. DSM-V critique as to having two or more of these symptoms for one month during a six month period of symptom disturbances: hallucinations, delusions, disorganized symptoms, catatonic behaviors, or negative symptoms. Disorganized symptoms which are strange patterns of speech, behavior, or emotion include inappropriate emotional behavior, unusual behavior and forms of catatonia. Negative symptoms are abnormal deficits in function which includes avolition, lack of initiation and persistence; alogia, absence of speech; anhedonia, absences of pleasure; asociality, inability to form personal relationships; and affective flattening, little expressed emotion in voice and face. Schizophrenia is one of the most common psychotic disorders and with an effective treatment routine this disorder could become easier to live

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664 Words | 3 Pages

Different Types • Paranoid schizophrenia – It is when a person feels extremely suspicious or may be persecuted, or a combination of these emotions. • Disorganized schizophrenia – It is when a person is often unclear and confused in speech and thought, but may not have delusions. • Catatonic schizophrenia -- a person is withdrawn, may have very unusual body positions.

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258 Words | 2 Pages

Schizophrenia is a sever, chronic brain disorder. A person who is diagnosed with schizophrenia can not separate fantasy from reality, has disorganized speech, hallucinations, delusions, and paranoia. In addition to those symptoms children may also experience language delays, late walking and crawling, and other abnormal motor behavior (mayo clinic) Schizophrenia can affect both children and adults. Negative symptoms are a loss in emotion or motivation.

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592 Words | 3 Pages

When Nathaniel Ayers was first introduced in The Soloist (2009), one of his symptoms of Schizophrenia was evident: loose association. Loose association is “rapidly shifting from one subject to another, believing that the incoherent statements makes sense” (Comer, 2014, p. 366). Ayers’s subjects in his first conversation with Steve Lopez jumped from treating a violin like a child, to “armies” in Ohio and Los Angeles, to the cello, to Beethoven running Los Angeles, and so on. Another one of Ayers’s symptoms is hallucinations. Ayers also experienced hallucinations.

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2176 Words | 9 Pages

Other symptoms they may experience are disorganised speech, flat or inappropriate emotions or social withdrawal • Catatonic Schizophrenia is characterised by an individual’s motor disturbances but they may also experience symptoms such as bizarre voluntary movements, the refusal to speak or extreme negativism • Disorganised Schizophrenia has symptoms such as inappropriate emotions, bizarre reactions or incoherent speech • Undifferentiated Schizophrenia is characterised by symptoms of delusions of importance, emotional excitement, confusion and incoherence • Residual Type Schizophrenia has the absence of delusions and hallucinations but the individual displays symptoms such as disorganised speech or impaired motor functioning • Delusional Disorder is when an individual may experience feelings related to jealousy, grandiose, persecutory, erotomanic, somatic type and mixed type • Schizoaffective disorder symptoms include disorganised speech, catatonic behaviour, flat emotions or lack of motivation and interest • Simple Schizophrenia individual’s experience symptoms of decreased interest and motivation, emotional blunting and social

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777 Words | 4 Pages

Throughout the movie, it is apparent Joon is being treated with medication and therapy to help manage her illness. According to the textbook, some of the symptoms of schizophrenia include hallucinations, delusions, disorganized speech,

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