Shaun Manfred Chapter 4 Summary

Reading report for Chapter 4( Action, story analysis and tellability)

Akerke Assylbekova 爱客

学号：17300176037

国际关系与公共事务学院，行政管理专业

The chapter four of Jahn Manfred’s book gives us detailed explanations about the structure of the narrative work and ways to analyze the events in the narrative.

According to the book, we know that an action is a sequence of acts and events. This simply means that action is everything occurring in the narrative. Sometimes, the sentences in the story seem very simple, actions seem to be very clear-cut and short, without any extra information provided. For example, “The king died and the queen died after him”. These kinds of short cut actions are considered as minimal narratives. A reason why a narrative is told can be

These are the two identifications a reader can make with the characters. The first kind of identification, as it mentions in the term itself “self-recognition”, relates to the extent the reader’ recognizes his similarities with one of the story characters. For example, the character in the story faces a challenge similar to the one our reader is facing. The identification for wish fulfillment is the dissimilarity between the reader and one of the characters. The dissimilarities can be their life conditions, personal experiences, or even their places in the society. For example, if the character in the story is a handsome man who is loved by all the women around, then the reader might probably be not a very handsome and a less successful

A story is composed of events presented in a chronological order.When analyzing a story we pay attention to the chronological coherence of the action sequence. But it doesn’t mean that a narrative must strictly follow the chronological order, because it can also contain some flashbacks in the process of storytelling. A plot of the narrative is the logical and causal structure of a story. The plot’s structure is based on the cause and effect kind of actions. For example, Y does X,because A did