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Recommended: Euthyphro's dilemma
Euthyphro tries to explain him that he was doing the same as Zeus did to his father and therefore being pious. But Socrates argues that it is just an example and not an explanation. He tries again and says what gods like is pious and what they dislike is not. But Socrates points out the fallacy in that argument that one god might not agree with another to which he replies in his third attempt what all gods like is pious and what they all hate is impious. Here, in this example we can see that how he searches for a concrete and complete definition for being pious.
Socrates 's second argument “The Analogy between the State and One 's Parents”, in my opinion, is flawed and could be improved. The first chapter of our textbook reads: “Our parents made our lives possible—they brought us into being, raised us, and educated us. We are therefore obligated to respect and obey them. The state also makes our lives possible, by providing a social environment that nurtures and sustains us. So we have a similar obligation to respect and obey the state.”
Euthyphro’s Dilemma is when Socrates asks Euthyphro, “Does God love goodness because it is good, or is it good because God loves it?” Euthyphro’s Dilemma is that God determines what is good and evil, right and wrong. This dilemma challenges the Divine Command theory because according to Euthyphro’s Dilemma we would be obligated to do something wrong because God commanded it. This conflicts with the Divine Command theory because it would imply that cruelty could be morally right if God told us to do so. The idea that cruelty can be morally right goes up against the belief in the Divine Command Theory because it proposes that an action's status that is morally good is equivalent to whether it is commanded by God
In Plato’s, The Republic, Book I, Socrates tries to prove to Thrasymachus “whether just people also live better and are happier than unjust ones” (352d). He argues that everything has a predisposed proficiency at a function, and that this functions are performed well by the peculiar virtue and badly by means of its vice (353a-353d) . The point of this paper is to present Socrates argument and evaluate it to the best of my ability. This argument can be categorized as an inductive generalization. Socrates states that the function of anything is what it alone can do or what it does best.
HUM2225 Dr. Hotchkiss September 30, 2016 Moral Insight Plato’s Euthyphro is based on a lesson between Socrates and Euthyphro outside of the Athenian court about the definition of pious or impious. Euthyphro was surprised to see Socrates there and even more curious to find out why he was there. Socrates explained that the court was persecuting him for impiety because Meletus was spreading rumors about him corrupting the Athenian youth. Euthyphro explains to Socrates that he was there to prosecute his father for murdering a farm worker named Dionysus.
Euthyphro’s initial argument is that he must bring his father to justice as he has acted impiously. Socrates then questions what piety is exactly. Euthyphro defines piety as prosecuting religious offenders and impiety as not persecuting these people. He uses Zeus to back his point. When Zeus felt his father, Cronus, had acted unjustly, he fettered him.
The Euthyphro dilemma is an ephebophile problem that brings up the topics about the nature of morality and the relationship between God and morality. The dilemma is named after the character Euthyphro in the Plato dialogues who brought the questions of whether action is moral because God commands them, or whether God commands them because they are moral. This dilemma has Signiant implications for our understanding of gods nature and the nature of morality. The first horn of the dilemma says that God's commands determine what is morally okay. This is also known as the command theory.
In the Apology, the trial of Socrates brings about questions regarding the legitimacy of god(s) and the corruption in educating the youth. As the speaker for his own defense, Socrates understands that the only mode of proving his innocence is through forward and honest speech to highlight his own position of wisdom and his impact on the people around him. Although Socrates is ultimately found guilty, he tells the jurymen to “keep this one truth in mind, that a good man cannot be harmed either in life or in death…”1 I argue that the goodness in Socrates is highlighted by his ignorance towards the welfare of his own being. Socrates did not intentionally choose nor train for the life he was given. It is under these circumstances that he was found charged with worshipping other gods and corrupting the youth, to which the townspeople did not
Throughout the dialogues Socrates regards politics as a practice of self-reflection while depicting philosophy as a messiah set to save a complacent, imperfect, society not by providing answers to all questions but by questioning the answers themselves. Thereby, consistently examining the ambiguities presented in life’s illogical implications of authoritative opinion, the individual can improve their overall behavior by privately perfecting the subconscious thus, allowing philosophy to assume its role in saving the public practice of politics. In the Euthyphro, Euthyphro suggests that piety is “whatever all the gods love”, in which Socrates follows up with this question: “Is the pious loved by the gods because it is pious or is it pious because
Euthyphro is in the process of prosecuting his father for the murder of a man that killed another in a drunken state. While he waits he come across Socrates. Socrates goes on to ask what he was doing prosecuting his own father. The response that Euthyphro give is because it is the pious thing to do, although it against his own father. Socrates then asks Euthyphro to teach him “What is piety”?
The second, Socrates asks Euthyphro, have you known what a piety is if your attitude is confident that you indict your father for a crime. (Plato (1997), p.77.). Socrates tries to look for one standard definition of piety. Let, have a look at what piety means to Euthyphro. He comes up with the several suggestions about piety: “to prosecute a wrongdoer is pious and not to prosecute is impious”; “what all the gods hate is impious, and what they all love is pious”; “where there is piety there is also justice” (Plato (1997), p.88.).
This dialogue is primarily concerned with justice, but when Euthyphro is ready to give up on the discussion, Socrates turns the discussion towards piety and its relation to justice (Euthyphro 11e). Socrates provides Euthyphro with a choice on how to understand it: “And then is all that is just pious? Or is all that is pious just, but not all that is just pious, but some of it is and some is not?” (Euthyphro 11e-12a) Euthyphro prefers to argue the second option, and a dialogue exploring this view follows.
In this article which written by Plato, who is one of the ancient Greek philosophers, wrote and he was a student of Socrates. Plato illustrates Socrates arguments with people in society in part of his book. Socrates discusses with Hippothales near the wall outside of the wrestling school and from the beginning they argued about Lysis and at that time Socrates realized that Hippothales in love and he wants to determine Lysis view of love. God gives ability and strength to Socrates in determining people, who are in love or not. With the Lysis, Socrates has a deep discussion about love and friendships, and how to deal with those people that you are in love with.
Socrates concludes his discussion on gymnastics and moves onto the subject of mathematics in book seven. Plato explains the four branches of study: mathematics, plane geometry, solid geometry and astronomy. While gymnastics and music aid in creating a harmonious soul, mathematics is meant to instill wisdom and knowledge within an individual. Socrates belief is that an individual should first study and fully understand the basics of mathematics before advancing to plane geometry, solid geometry and astronomy. Socrates believed that studying the four branches of mathematics would ensure an individual exhibited true wisdom.
For many years great philosophers such as Socrates and Plato have defined and given great understanding into life and its moral ethics. Socrates was born in Athens in 469 BC. He was known to be one of the wisest men on earth. Socrates is credited as one of the founders of Western philosophy. Many individuals often as the question in their mind, “Who is the real Socrates?”