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Sub-Saharan Afric An Overview Of Climate Change

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An Overview of Climate Change
Climate change can be defined as the fluctuation in long-term weather patterns (DS Foundation). One form of climate change is global warming, which is the progressive warming of the planet (Habitable Planet). Since the industrial revolution, the average global temperature has increased by approximately 0.8o celsius (Habitable Planet, McKibben, 2012). These long-term changes are attributed to anthropogenic sources such as fossil fuel combustion for industrial activities (Habitable Planet).
Fossil fuel combustion (among other forms of emissions) result in increased concentrations of atmospheric greenhouse gasses (Habitable Planet). These greenhouse gases (GHG), such as carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4), …show more content…

The agriculture sector largely grows temperature sensitive and rainfed plants such as maize, wheat, and sorghum, illustrating the region’s high sensitivity to changes in long term weather patterns (Turn Down). A large proportion of the population in this region continues to depend on agriculture for their main source of nutrition and income (Turn Down). The effects of climate change and global warming on Africa are already visible (Turn Down). In 2011, a drought in the Horn of Africa affected 13 million people and led to significant malnutrition (Turn …show more content…

Should action to mitigate climate change be taken if some areas of the world are benefited? Models have predicted eastern Africa to be wetter, and a decrease in the risk of drought has been predicted (Turn Down). For a region of the world that has felt the negative impacts of drought before in 2011, why should they strive to work against climate change (Turn Down)? The reality is that increased precipitation will likely be in concentrated bursts in certain times of the year, which is not as beneficial to agriculture as temporally distributed rainfall (Turn Down). In addition, these predictions are relatively uncertain (Turn Down). Finally, scientists have predicted droughts over southern and central Africa as a result of climate change. Overall, the increased rainfall in eastern Africa is not very certain, not necessarily beneficial, and is not without increased risk of droughts in other regions of

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From 1500 to 1750, there were changes and continuities on the ways Sub-Saharan Africa participated in interregional trade. The major turning point of Sub-Saharan Africa’s participation is the start the slave trade in West Africa. This event impacted the New World, Europe and SE Asia because Europe profited from the exploitation of Africans to the New World, Southeast Asia experienced a decline in population because of the start of the slave trade between Southern Africa and Indonesia, and the New World became more profitable as plantations where slaves worked grew. The overall continuity of Sub-Saharan Africa’s participation in trade is the European dominance in the region because of the Age of Exploration led by the Portuguese and Spanish.

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Global warming is a rise in the Earth’s global temperature, whether through natural or man-made circumstances. Factors causing global warming through natural means would be volcanic emissions and increased solar activity. The major issue with global warming is the progress of humankind. Increases in industrialization and deforestation, which release the greenhouse gas, carbon dioxide (CO2), act as a blanket in the atmosphere. CO2 with the combination of water vapor, trap heat from the sun between the atmosphere and the earth’s surface, causing a rise in temperature (Haldar, 2011).

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Greenhouse gases act like a blanket, and trap heat in the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas (Climate change, 2015). In the past 20 years, humans have increased atmospheric carbon dioxide by more than 30%, by burning fossil-fuels and cutting down forests. The Earth has not experienced carbon dioxide levels this high for the past several million years (Carbon Levels, 2015). Researchers are learning that future climate change will depend on carbon levels in the land, atmosphere, and sea, and how these levels respond to human disturbance (Carbon in the Economy, 2015).

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Climate Change is a change in global or regional climate patterns, in particular a change apparent from the mid to late 20th century onwards and attributed largely to the increased levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide produced by the use of fossil fuels. Global warming is an an increase in the overall temperature of the earth’s atmosphere caused by greenhouse gases. Greenhouse gas is a gas that contributes to the greenhouse effect by absorbing infrared radiation, e.g., carbon dioxide and chlorofluorocarbons. Pollution is the presence in or introduction into the environment of a substance or thing that has harmful or poisonous

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(Christensen et al., 2007 cited in UNFCCC, 2007) affirms that the entire African continent is likely to experience warming that is higher than the global annual average. Climate records shows that all of the ten warmest years in the global temperature records up to 2011 have occurred since 1997, with 2005 and 2010 being the warmest two years in more than a century of global records (AMS, 2012). (Cooper et al. 2008:25) noted that whilst the exact nature and extent of the impacts of climate change on temperature and rainfall distribution patterns remain uncertain, it is the poor and vulnerable who will be the most prone to climate change especially in the rural areas, hence adaptation to climate change is an inevitable choice for human

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