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Substantive Issues In Corrections

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According to Correctional Administration: Integrating Theory and Practice by Richard P. Seiter, substantive issues are characterized as those that are a piece of the learning particular to the training and profession of corrections. These issues may incorporate discovery approaches to extend spending dollars without decreasing open security, how to manage packed penitentiaries, and how to oversee detainees who are serving to a great degree of long terms. Correctional administrators must manage grouping and hazardous issues to which prisoners ought to be regulated within the community instead of a correctional facility. Difficulties may likewise incorporate the assortment of sexual orientation, age, and programs needs in a given correctional …show more content…

Mentally ill offenders comprise a huge segment of the country 's prison populace, bringing about various difficulties to correctional administrators who lack formal preparation or instruction on the best way to communicate, look after, and secure this specific populace (Pittaro, 2017). Correctional administrators confront a large group of difficulties with regards to mentally ill inmates. These particular inmates require more supervision and more care with respect to their prosperity in the correctional facility that they reside in. In most facility, the mentally ill prisoners are restricted to the minimum about of counseling services which may prompt troublesome practices. As indicated by an article written by Lloyd I. Sederer, M.D., "All patients have both a right to treatment and a right to refuse treatment (Sederer, n.d).” Despite the fact that being imprisoned can be difficult for the most advantageous individual, it 's harder for an individual diagnosed with an acute psychiatric illness. Correctional administrators have to battle with the idea of giving more supervision, specific mental care, and prescriptions that are not generally available to help with their conduct and other …show more content…

Moreover, elderly prisoners are additionally a major obstacle that correctional administrators are confronted with. Prison officials are unable to give states of control that address the issues and regard the privileges of their elderly detainees. They are likewise poorly arranged, without the assets, plans, responsibility, and support from chose authorities, to deal with the significantly more noteworthy quantities of more seasoned detainees anticipated for the future, excepting genuinely necessary changes to cruel "tough on crime" laws that stretched sentences and decreased or wiped out open doors for parole or early discharge (Old Behind Bars, 2016). One outstanding issue is their health. Elderly prisoners are confronted with intellectual issues that happen quickly without the best possible analysis. Another issue with the elderly inmates may comprise of upheavals of hostility that isn 't a behavior that they have associated themselves with previously. These prisoners are likewise confronted with the issue of being sheltered and secured when they are around different prisoners. For the elderly prisoners, they experience numerous issues with managing medical problems, upheavals of animosity, and being protected every day while detained. Correctional administrators are given the task to supply theses individual based on their

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The Georgia Department of Corrections was established with the main purpose of protecting and serving the public by managing offenders and ensuring all of the state's residents live in a safe and secure environment. To this date, The Georgia Department of Corrections (GDC) is responsible for just over fifty thousand (50,000) state prisoners, with it being recorded as the largest prison system in America. With such a large capacity one can draft that the GDC has a large scope of operation and organizational structure having employed over ten thousand (10000) members of staff. Outlined further in this article will be a detailed description of the Georgia Department of Corrections organizational structure, funding sources, goals, objectives, roles

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The video named, “The New Asylums,” is about people in prison who have mental illness. Many people who have mental illness are held in prison throughout the America instead of hospitals or facilities, and they are more tend to be homeless before arrested and put in to jail. According to video, there are some mental health treatment meetings in prison. However, some psychologists think that people who have mental illness in prison need hospitalization. Moreover, the video claims that inmates who has severe mentally illness cant follow the rules.

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These inmates need more care than the average inmate. They cannot adjust to the prison lifestyle. The aging inmate cost is more expensive. The elderly have more health issues than the average inmate. The elderly are release on medical parole because of a terminal illness.

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Their are around 500,000 mentally ill people that are put away in prisons and jails. In the documentary “The New Asylums”,Ohio's state prison system reveals the issues that are ongoing with mentally ill inmates. The major problem we have today is that no one is taking care of the people of these people. Most mentally ill people live by themselves with no family or friends to take care of them and they are off their medications. The mentally ill come in to prison on non violent offenses such as disturbing the peace, trespassing, etc. After leaving mental hospitals they usually end up on the streets and become homeless.

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Much insight was learned about the corrections system after viewing Toe Tag Parole: To Live and Die on Yard A and Behind Bars: Rookie Year. Two very different point of views about prison life. Toe Tag Parole: To Live and Die on Yard A was predominantly from the viewpoint of the inmates while the Behind Bars: Rookie Year was predominantly from the correctional officers. Toe Tag Parole: To live and Die on Yard A is a documentary based at a Los Angeles, California prison.

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The Mentally Ill Offender Treatment and Crime Reduction Act of 2004: Problems and Prospects by Christine M. Litschgea and Michael G. Vaughn, is a research article whose focus is three-fold. First, the researchers review the literature available on the elements that have contributed to the increasing levels of incarcerated persons with severe mental illness (SMI). Secondly, they analyze the Mentally Ill Offender Treatment and Crime Reduction Act of 2004 (MIOTCRA), and assess if this law can reduce problems associated with incarcerated persons with SMI.

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Furthermore, the failure to address mental health needs within the prison system exacerbates these issues. The Equal Justice Initiative reveals that more than half of all Americans in prison or jail have a mental illness. Prison officials often fail to provide correct treatment, resorting to physical force and solitary confinement, which can worsen mental health problems. The Equal Justice Initiative reveals, “More than half of all Americans in prison or jail have a mental illness. Prison officials often fail to provide appropriate treatment for people whose behavior is difficult to manage, instead resorting to physical force and solitary confinement, which can aggravate mental health problems.”

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From an incapacitative through retributive and to what it is today, the U.S prison system has endured. This institution has for years served as a tool for coping with evil and crime through various measures such as retribution, deterrence, and rehabilitation. However, some major challenges still exist. The overreliance on prison as the paramount means of handling the offenders has led to a system that is overburdened. Still, the history of the U.S jail shows an institution that has gone through changes and challenged its functions and practices in the effort to achieve justification and bring order in the

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“There are three times as many mentally ill in U.S. prisons as in the country 's mental health hospitals, suffering from schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depression, among other illnesses,” (Fellner, 2004). This statistic is heart shattering, when knowing so many helpless individuals are not getting assistance with their medical complications. Inexperienced staff, unsatisfactory specialized facilities, and limited programs leave prisoners without the treatment they need. This is why mentally ill individuals need treatment. When a mentally ill person is sentenced without the insanity plea, he or she is not getting the medical attention needed.

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The shift is attributed to the unexpected clinical needs of this new outpatient population, the inability of community mental health centers to meet these needs, and the changes in mental health laws (Pollack & Feldman, 2003). Thousands of mentally ill people flowing in and out of the nation 's jails and prisons. In many cases, it has placed the mentally ill right back where they started locked up in facilities, but these jail and prison facilities are ill-equipped to properly treat and help them. In 2006 the Bureau of Justice Statistics estimated that there were; 705,600 mentally ill inmates in state prisons, 78,000 in federal prisons, and

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In accordance to the National Comorbidity Study negative risk factors that aide towards mental illness are low income, little education, and no occupation. Given these risks an individual is almost three times more likely to have a psychiatric disorder. Socioeconomic status regarding race, gender all play a prominent role. There are disparities that exist for released mental health inmates especially for minorities, they experience a great disadvantage of finding employment due to a criminal record and mental health status. To add mental health former inmates strive to survive however, given two weeks of medication, faced with poverty, and no other available resources as a consequence re-enter the prison system.

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First,prisoners with mental illnesses. Some inmates need extra help with their disability. Inmates with these problems are not always treated the same as other inmates. Inmates with mental health illnesses and need addiction treatments are ignored,punished, or placed in solitary confinement (Equal Justice Initiative). Inmates

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The 19th century brought a change in the dynamic of the prison system. Public offense and shaming gave way to penitentiary to “prepare for life as law-abiding citizens.” This change is now clearly seen as the just move, extending dignity and a second chance to most inmates. However, there would be certain drawbacks, as were witnessed in later years. As John Esperian writes, correctional thinking always “reflects the ideas and values of the societies and governments which mandated it.”

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In order to outlive the prison experience, inmates are constrained to endure great psychological changes. Noetic harm inflicted whilst imprisonment as well the challenges posed have only grown over the last several decades. These challenges include a much-discussed de-emphasis on rehabilitation as an objective of imprisonment along with rigorous policies and conditions of solitary confinement. Thus, creating prisons more troublesome places to adapt and sustain oneself. Adjustment to advanced imprisonment demands particular mental costs of incarcerated persons; few individuals are more vulnerable to the pains of imprisonment than others.

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The largest internal challenge that the Bureau of Prisons faces is adequate levels of bed space and staffing in order to safely manage the population of prisons. The crowding of prisons has been identified as a material weakness and is highly recognized by the Department of Justice, which is the agency in which the Bureau of Prisons is run under. There recently has been a reported decline in the federal prison population, yet it still remains over crowded by thirty percent. This has caused the BOP to increase its inmate to staff ratio, but officer’s safety continuously remains at

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