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Summary Of Letter From Birmingham Jail

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In 1963 a social activist for the civil rights movement, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., wrote “Letter from a Birmingham Jail” in response to a public statement by eight Alabama clergymen, criticizing Dr. King’s actions. Dr. King was leading a peaceful march in Birmingham with his followers, when he was arrested for protesting. Dr. King was confined in the Birmingham jail for a total of four days in which he wrote his letter with only a newspaper that contained the public statement by the clergymen. During this time Birmingham was immensely known for its injustice and racism, being one of the most segregated cities. Dr. King’s position was to mend the injustice and inequality through non-violent peaceful actions. Dr. King argues that we have a moral duty to contravene the unjust laws. This concept seems contradicting, following some laws but not others. Dr. King is saying that laws are put in place for the citizens to follow however; following the unjust laws are only furthering segregation. Dr. King states, “Any law that uplifts human personality is just. Any law that degrades human personality …show more content…

King expresses that citizens should not only want to deal with local problems, but also with problems in other areas (King). In the statement from the Alabama clergymen, they accuse Dr. King of being an unwanted outsider. The clergymen believe that Dr. King is coming into Alabama unwantedly, trying to fix the issue of inequality. The clergymen go as far to say that Dr. King is “an outsider looking in” (King). Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. bluntly states “But more basically, I am in Birmingham because injustice is here.” Dr. King is showing that to fix segregation they must deal with it in other places as well as locally to them, since Birmingham was one of the worst cities racially Dr. King and his followers go to take a stand to the inequality. Dr. King reflects that citizens should be able to take a stand in states other than their own without being called an

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In his “Letter from Birmingham Jail,” Dr. King professes his disappointment with the white moderates for calling him an extremist for his schemes. At first, in paragraph 27, King does not deny the fact-by using anaphora- that there are some Negros who “advocate violence”, but he also asserts that there are even more for “nonviolent protest”(King 28). In making this comment, King urges for people to look at his acts of nonviolent protesting . Indeed the insignificant amount of violence will be more looked upon than the nonviolence; however, there are numerous acts nonvilence that should surpass this. Additionally, in paragraph 31, King states how at first he despised the label but then “gained [...] satisfaction” from it.

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“Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere”. This phrase, one of the letter’s most famous, serves several purposes, it justifies why Dr. King and the SCLC have come to Birmingham0222220.. li7]//’’; because they feel connected to and responsible for everyone, they had to come to a place that was exhibiting injustice. Throughout the work, he justifies breaking laws if they are unjust, embracing extremism. Because Dr. King establishes his credibility early on, he has justifications for those claims.

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Martin Luther King's thesis or his argumentative claim, clarifies that injustice must not be tolerated anywhere. King challenges the differences between an unjust law and just laws that play a major part in his reasoning to justifying civil disobedience. Additionally, King mentions how he is viewed by the Clergymen and by others in the state, labeled as an "outside agitator. " In his letter, King addresses their claims of segregation and critiques of King's actions to challenge the issue using perceptions from both sides. Through the constructive use of pathos, King introduces the term wait, a word that the oppressed or harshly treated are familiar within a government that takes slow action to intervene.

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In his “Letter from Birmingham Jail”, Martin Luther King, Jr. is responding to criticism of the peaceful protests and sit-in’s that were taking place in Birmingham, which led to his being arrested and the reason that he was in jail. He first responds to the accusation of being an “outsider” by setting the stage for his being in Birmingham due to being invited because of his ties to the Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights organization and due to the fact that he is president of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference. Next, Martin Luther King expands on his moral beliefs that there is “injustice” in the way that Birmingham is “the most thoroughly segregated city in the United States”.

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He then refers to his earlier statement about the apathy of the clergymen regarding the reason for the demonstrations, alluding to their anxiety over the protesters willingness to break the law. However, he brings up a dichotomy: the laxness and rigidity in which different laws are enforced. Namely, he sarcastically refers to the apprehensive enforcement of the 1954 Supreme Court decision outlawing segregation. Well, why are only some laws enforced? King answers this question by stating that there are two kinds of laws: just and unjust.

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In the article “Letter from Birmingham Jail” Martin Luther King Jr. responds to clergymen who described his civil rights activities as “unwise and untimely”. Dr. King argues that while just laws should be obeyed, unjust laws aren’t binding because they go against decent morality and they degrade human lives. He explains the three-hundred-year struggles by African Americans to gain their basic rights and responds to criticism of being an extremist for trying to force change on this matter. Ultimately his reasoning is that those attempting to find a resolution to the injustice and unequal laws of the land should not be punished if they are doing so nonviolently, even if they break some just laws. I argue in favor of this idea that unjust laws

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Martin Luther King Jr.'s usage of classification in Letter From Birmingham Jail helps to prove why peaceful protests are necessary to the cause. In his letter, King classifies the difference between just and unjust laws in order to show why certain laws have to be broken. He goes on to state the difference between the two, "A just law is a man-made code that squares with the moral law or the law of God. An unjust law is a code that is out of harmony with the moral law." By putting the laws into two different categories, King is able to prove to the people that the African Americans who break those laws deemed unjust are not wrong in their actions.

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With the help of these four steps, he justifies the need for the demonstration. King illustrates the city of Birmingham as “the most thoroughly segregated city in the United States,” (King 2). Here King is able to show that injustices are present in Birmingham, which further justifies his reason for a peaceful demonstration. King proceeds to speak about his method of protesting. He states that negotiation was not met, and that “[their] hopes had been blasted,” that like “victims of a broken promise,” their wishes had been disregarded, (King 2).

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At the time of King Jnr speech it was 1963 and America was facing a racial crisis. Luther had just been put into Birmingham Jail as he organised peaceful protests when a new law banned coloured people from gathering in large groups outside. King Jnr was called to Alabama to free the African American community from the segregation they faced in a non-violent manner . Non-violent direction is seen in the line ‘invited us here to be on call to engage in a nonviolent direct-action program if such were deemed necessary.’ This statement from Luther describes why he was invited to Alabama and why he was there which was to help the African American community escape segregation and liberate America.

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immediately addresses his credibility and directly responds to one of the main points that the clergymen state about outsiders. King states “ I think I should indicate why I am here in Birmingham, since you have been influenced by the view which argues against “outsiders coming in(444)” King goes on to describes how he is a member of several different organizations that are fighting for equal Civil Rights most importantly how he is the president of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference and he states how “ I was invited here. I am here because I have organizational ties here.(444)” King also demonstrates his credibility to the Clergyman as a minister and a brother of the church by quoting the Paul from the gospels and also early Christians who would rather be eaten by the lions than obey unjust laws(447).

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1114 Words | 5 Pages

Dr King wrote a direct response to the eight clergymen from Alabama in a confinement cell in Birmingham, Alabama which is now known as “Letter from Birmingham Jail.” It addresses the wrong-doings and injustices going on in Birmingham. King was arrested for being part of a peaceful protest against segregation that had not been approved to be marched in that area. King argues that publicly showing that people including him are against segregation is better than just negotiating and having the “Negro community” patiently wait around for society to move toward civil rights and that demanding social justice provokes individuals and groups to act out, regardless of how peaceful the method may be. Dr King explains why it is okay for him to be a part

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1522 Words | 7 Pages

King believed that if he could just go to Birmingham, and protest non-violently, that he could make a difference. On April 16, 1963, Martin Luther King Jr. was imprisoned, in Birmingham, for protesting the civil rights of Black Americans. While in jail, he began writing a letter addressing the clergymen. His main audience in writing this letter was to the eight clergymen who criticized his actions and also the majority of the population as well. Martin Luther King Jr.’s “Letter From Birmingham Jail”, argues that injustice

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1126 Words | 5 Pages

You can’t break an unjust law and not make it known to everyone, you want people to know that you think it is unjust. King describes this as “difference made legal.” An unjust law is one which the majority makes a law in which minority has no say. Also, when that law is made it is expected of the minority to follow it but the majority does not abide by the same standards in obeying it. King uses the example of African Americans being

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959 Words | 4 Pages

Although that was enough reason to be in Birmingham King goes on further to say that he is in Birmingham because injustice is here. King says he couldn’t ignore the fact there was injustice in Birmingham regardless if he was an outsider or not. King goes on to say that “injustice anywhere is a danger to justice everywhere” this builds on the theory that “whatever affects one directly affects all indirectly. Defending his belief on just and unjust laws, King uses a quote of St. Augustine the quote says, “A unjust law is no law at all.” King uses this to answer the criticism on how can you advocate people to obey one law but breaking others.

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Dr. King's, "Letter from a Birmingham Jail" is poignant in many ways in regard to a "big picture" viewpoint of our society. Overall, it speaks to the viewpoint that we all have a social responsibility to each other to work against injustice irrespective of where that injustice takes place. "Martin Luther King Jr.'s letter from Birmingham Jail, which was written in April 16, 1963, is a passionate letter that addresses and responds to the issue and criticism that a group of white clergymen had thrown at him and his pro- black American organization about his and his organization's non- violent demonstrative actions against racial prejudice and injustice among black Americans in Birmingham. Dr. King told the local clergy in Birmingham that he understood he was an outsider and he realized that his presence in Birmingham would cause trouble. However, he also felt that he had a moral

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