1. What demographic variables were measured at the nominal level of measurement in the Oh et al. (2014) study? Provide a rationale for your answer.
The book Freakonomics by Steven D. Levitt and Stephen J. Dubner is a unique book because it makes the reader think about our society in a peculiar way. The book take uncommon topics or two opposites ideas and compares the two together to show how similar they are. For example, the two authors compare the Klu Klux Klan to a group of real estate agents, which is interesting because the direct relationship might not be easily apparent, but however they are fairly similar. Freakonomics by Steven D. Levitt and Stephen J. Dubner, answer questions one may have never thought about or would have never come across, and answer them in a way that is applicable into the real world. Such questions in the book include things such as: What do School Teachers and Sumo Wrestlers Have in Common, How is the Klu Klux Klan like a Group of Real-Estate Agents, and How to be the Perfect Parent….etc.
The book Freakonomics by Steven D. Levitt and Stephen J. Dubner talks about many different things, including cheating teachers and sumo wrestlers, how abortion lowered crime rates, how a street crack gang works, and whether the way parents raise their children even matter. These topics seem to have nothing in common, but all of these topics were identified in the same way: an economist (Levitt) looked at school test scores, crime data, and all sorts of other information, looking at them in unconventional ways. Because of that, he has come to many interesting and unique conclusions that make complete sense. These findings were based on some simple ideas: the power of incentives, conventional wisdom is not always right, things may not have obvious causes, and experts often serve their own interests instead of the interests of others. Perhaps the most important idea in the book is, as Levitt and Dubner state, “Knowing what to measure and how to measure it makes a complicated world much less so” (14).
Stephen Dubner and Steven Levitt have successfully entertained me with their novel, Freakonomics, which talks about economics in an in-depth and analytical level. The authors attempt to challenge subjective truths at face values, show how data can be rearranged, and how there is always a hidden side to everything. They attack every day aspects of life to shine humanity on figures we regard as untouchable and they are challenging the normal, hackneyed rhetoric about the way the world works. Ultimately, the authors make the world more inquisitive by offering statistics on subjects in order to look at an issue from a different perspective, they use economic approaches to analyze the connection between disciplines, and they offer insight to the deeper causes to major influences in history by appealing to authorities.
Freakonomics Essay Freakonomics is a mind bending, engaging and controversial look into a never before talked about side of economics. From relating the Ku Klux Klan to real estate agents and to why drug dealers are living with their moms Steven D. Levitt and Stephen J. Dubner turn conventional wisdom on its head. As a whole I enjoyed the book, but there were some things that annoyed me and that I didn’t like and/or confused me. Freakonomics makes you think differently about topics you thought you already knew the answer to. To most with little knowledge of writing techniques they would not have noticed/comprehended the authors uses of rhetoric and tone but luckily from these past few years of English classes I was able to pick up and see
Levitt and Dubner classify Freakonomics as a book having “no such unifying theme” (14), but all the unique topics discussed throughout the text connect back together in order to show the hidden side of human nature. The argument that the wide variety of topics and their abstract descriptions all link together draws the attention of a large audience and connects to issues that society is currently facing or has recently confronted. Freakonomics, organized as an argumentative piece, asserts that “commerce without morality,” or the conducting of business without a sense of what is right or wrong, is triggered by human actions that are led by incentives, causing changes in the economy. Levitt and Dubner do not explicitly state their argument, but through the use of ethos, pathos,
First, the courts should closely monitor the number of times that child has experienced physical, emotional, and neglect abuse within the three months. It’s important that the abuse against the child is consistent and not a one-time offense. Almost all parents have disciplined their child in one form or another including yelling or spanking them. In fact, approximately ninety-four percent of parents in the U.S. has spanked their child (Cauffman,
Freakonomics is somewhat random grab bag of topics. The unifying theme of this book for me was finding ways to ask questions so that one's available statistics and data can provide an answer, time after time they used available statistics to provide some time of reasoning or answers to the question being asked. Some of these efforts were more successful than others. Some of the questions Levitt and Dubner study felt unnecessary, that no one really cares about. But there are also some good subjects.
Those children who discipline with physical are more likely to become more aggressive and
The article, “Cheating report confirms teacher 's suspicions,” examines the Atlanta Public School system’s Georgia state Criterion Reference Competency Test scandal. CNN author, Paul Frysh, discusses former East Lake Elementary school teacher, Julie Rogers-Martin, account of events involving her fellow colleague’s involvement in the artificial inflation of their students’ standardized test scores in attempts to fulfill the requirements necessary for continued federal funding, job security, as well as bonuses. The economic idea that figures prominently in the article is Incentive, particularly the positive aspect of financial rewards and the negative aspect of fraud and depriving the most vulnerable groups of children their right to an education. In an ethical sense, I believe that the economic foundation of Opportunity Cost applies as well
In the third chapter of Freakonomics, the question that is asked is “Why do drug dealers still live with their moms?” The first phrase that is brought up in this chapter is “conventional wisdom,” and economist named John Kenneth Galbraith goes into detail and describes this phrase as a type of information, this type of information reinforces one person’s type of interest and well-being. Conventional wisdom is described at convenient and comforting, but it does not always have to be that. It takes a lot for people to even begin to doubt that conventional wisdom is not true. In the rest of the chapter Levitt tries to dispute the different points of conventional wisdom.
Statistics showed that most kids only comply with their parents immediately after spanking has occurred and other drifts back to the normal
This study was conducted on April 25, 2016 by experts at The University of Texas at Austin and the University of Michigan. Elizabeth Gershoff and co-author Andrew Grogan-Kaylor. Their study focuses on what most Americans would see as spanking and not a potentially abusive behavior. During their study they found that spanking your children can cause them to defy their parents more frequently and can also cause a lifelong mental health issue. It showed as the frequency of spanking increases, the likelihood of anti-social behavior, mental health issues, and aggression also increases.
Spanking is a type of physical punishment involving the act of striking another person to cause pain, generally with an open hand. More severe forms of spanking, such as switching, paddling, belting, caning, whipping, and birching, involve the use of an implement instead of a hand. Parents tend to spank their child to discontinue an undesired behavior. Throughout history there have been many forms of punishment, such as spanking, grounding, and timeouts. However, have you ever thought about the way it affects a child’s life?
Studies have shown that spanking increases aggression 2. Spanking has been linked to lower IQ 3. Physical punishment is associated with increased mental illness C. Thesis Statement: Even though most parents use
