The 17th Century Scientific Revolution: The Copernican System

Some of the key discoveries and the innovators of the 17th century Scientific Revolution would be the Copernican System by Nicolas Copernicus. The system introduced three celestial motions which are the Diurnal rotation of the earth on its axis, the earth and the planets, revolve around the sun, and a conical axial motion of the earth to explain the fixed orientation of earth in space. Copernicus was a mathematical, not an observational, astronomer, and the mathematical apparatus of his system was as complex as Ptolemy 's, employing the same geometrical devices. Copernicus sought to purify ancient astronomy, not to overthrow Ptolemy; not a 'revolution ' in the technical sense, in that either system would 'save the phenomena ' to some degree; the Copernican system only altered the geostatic and geocentric premise of ancient astronomy. The main disadvantage of the Copernican system was its violation of Aristotelian physics the physical problems involved with the heliocentric system called for a new, as yet

Galileo Galilei also was in Astronomy and was known for Projectile Motion, Galileo was a confirmed Copernican and given to the concept of circular motion. Galileo 's 'facts ' differed from the traditional data of astronomy in that they were derived from qualitative telescopic observations. Some of the observation data that he collected from the telescope was that the phases of Venus were inexplicable in terms of Ptolemaic cosmology; Ptolemaic scheme no longer viable and the satellites of Jupiter, moving with, and approximately in the same plane as the planet, suggested more than one center of rotation in the solar system and, by analogy, the earth 's rotation around the sun. In his later theory (1632), no force is necessary to keep a body moving on a level (frictionless) plane; a body, as such, has no inclination to move or remain at rest, it is indifferent. Thus, if a body is indifferent to motion, no mover is required to sustain movement once a