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Taken rational choice theory
Effects of violent crimes
Youth incarcerartion conclusion
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More handpicked essays just for you.
Taken rational choice theory
Effects of violent crimes
Youth incarcerartion conclusion
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
Within the past couple of decades, criminologists have developed different criminological theories that apply to the social behaviors and decisions of criminals. One of the earliest theories developed regarding criminality is the rational choice theory, in which describes the rationalization of determining if the rewards from committing the crime outweigh the consequences. In Scarver’s case, his decision to engage in criminal activities outweighed the potential consequences, or the other alternatives if he did not engage in such criminal activities. In addition to the rational choice theory, Scarver’s criminality can be related to the social disorganization theory, which describes the influence of one’s social and physical environment on one’s decision to commit a crime. Lastly, the strain theory can be related to Scarver’s criminality as well, as it is used to describe an individual who lacks the means to obtain such goals, and aspirations, so therefore, he or she engages in criminal activities to acquire the goals.
How do the various psychological and psychiatric approaches presented in this chapter differ from one another? Psychological theories of criminal behavior differ from other theories like social structure theories of crime in the sense that psychological theories of crime place the emphasis on the individual and their cognitive abilities as opposed to social institutions and larger groups. Nearly all psychological theories of crime focus entirely on an individual and their cognition as the explanation of crime as opposed to social processes and social life. Psychological and psychiatric approaches to deviant, criminal, and antisocial behaviors differ in the sense that psychiatric approaches tend to focus on treating the symptoms of antisocial behavior through varying means. Psychological approaches on the other hand tend to focus on determining the causes of crime from within and individual.
to associate himself with the gangs because he didn’t have positive influence, someone to guide him in his life. Kody wanted the respect form other people “I took their looks as stares of recognition and respect” (pp5) On Kody’s initiation night his first task was to shoot at any signal of light or movement while his homeboy G.C would hot wire a car. Later that same night Kody Killed a member of the opposite gang. To become a Crip Kody had to prove that he was willing to do what the Crips told him to do and also Kody was jumped by the gang members as a sign of welcome.
There are many differences between sociological theories, psychological theories, and theological theories of criminology. When comparing these theories, we are able to recognize how they work together in describing crime. However, these theories have more differences than they do similarities. Sociological theories take the time to explain the influences of society on criminal behavior. Psychological theories discuss the individual themselves, and how their personalities, IQ, or way of thinking influences criminal behavior.
On July 28, 1999, Lionel Tate murdered Tiffany Eunick while Kathleen Grossett-Tate was sleeping in the upstairs bedroom. Kathleen Grossett-Tate became aware of Eunick’s critical state when her son came upstairs to tell her that Eunick was not breathing. According to the medical examiner, Eunick suffered from fatal injuries due to Tate’s rough house playing (Grimming, 2008, 29). The learning theory explains why Lionel Tate began and continued with his aggressive behavior plus learned violent behaviors through wrestling shows.
Between the mid-late 1970s and the early 1980s, Dennis Nilsen began mass murdering young men in Great Britain that had at least 15 men through strangulation (Crime Investigation, 2014). In analyzing his life, many of contributions throughout his life could have influenced his criminal behaviour when committing his crimes. Many theories such as broken home hypothesis and schema therapy theory use psychological explanations that determine how the individual resulted into committing their crimes. With schema therapy theory, not only does it discuss the justification for criminal behaviour, but suggests how to reduce the relapse of criminal acts by identifying the cause or the trigger of the individual’s criminal behaviour (Vos et al., 2016). In Dennis Nilsen’s life, there are several indications such as the abandonment of his family members, the termination of a past relationship, and the reclusiveness from society that could have resulted
In the introductory textbook ‘An Introduction to Criminological Theory’ by Roger Hopkins Burke, a discussion on the definitions of crime is presented, as well as summaries of the different theories of crime. One of Burke’s first points is about the relative nature of crime. The different theories and definitions of crime are a result of the values and perspectives relevant to the time period they arose from (Burke, 2013: 1). For example, traditional views of crime largely differ from current perspectives.
In the past 30 years the impact of political ideas underpinning criminological theories and crime control has marked a significant shift from early criminological thinking of crime as socially constructed by seeing crime as legally defined and fear of crime as rational, but perspectives on victims of crime remain distinct. This essay will look at emergence of right and left realism and its effect on crime control in the 1970s to explore the impact of political ideas, but at the same time explore the influence of public opinion as means for driving forward political agendas. Political ideas have significantly underpinning criminological theory and crime control in the past 30 years and this is shown in the discussion in this essay. The 1970s
Criminology is the wider area that is used to evaluate the context of crime. The scientific study of criminals and crime is used for evaluating the basis and reasons of crime done by people. It makes use of different theories and school of thought in order to analyse the reasons behind criminal activities. The main purpose of this paper is to consider one criminology theory or school of thought. The criminology theory that is used for analysing the requirements of this paper is rational choice theory.
Kody Scott had no emotional ties because of the stereotypical broken home he grew up in. His loyalty was to the streets and abiding by the Crip Code. This caused him to treat this lifestyle as a full time job. He was committed to making a name for himself and maintaining ‘street cred’, which meant that he had to get rid of anyone or anything that stood in his and his pack’s way. His mind was under so much manipulation that he felt that his participation in the gang was his only way survival.
Criminal behaviour has always been an interest for psychologists, for they could never quite come to a conclusion between nature and nurture. Research concerning this topic has been organized for many years and due to the never ending debate, is still being conducted. I have decided to read and write about this myself, for I was genuinely curious about the matter and wanted to be a part of the research, as I felt responsible to do so. I believe that in order to stop something, it must be discussed and scrutinized. What effects do genes have on criminal behaviour, why do peer pressure and habitat influence a person to commit crimes and are men really more violent than women?
Social process theory depends on the interaction between individuals and society as an explanation and is also known as interactionist perspective. This theory assumes that everyone has the potential to violate the law and that criminality is not an innate human characteristic but is instead a belief that criminal behavior is learned by interaction with others (Schmalleger, 2012). Social process feels the socialization process that occurs because of group membership is the main way through which learning occurs (Schmalleger, 2012). Social process theory views criminality as people’s interactions with various organizations, institutions, and processes in society (Siegel, 2000). This theory feels that people from all areas have the potential
According to Andrews and Bonta (2010) the psychology of criminal conduct ( PCC) can be defined as an approach to scientifically understand the criminal behavior of individuals through a systematic approach. Additionally, the psychology of criminal conduct is considered to be interdisciplinary, and considers all aspects of science that will assist in the further comprehension of an individuals criminal behavior, and the causes of criminal behavior (Andrews and Bonta , 2010). Andrews and Bonta ( 2010) stated that the psychology of criminal conduct can be considered a subfield of criminology and psychology due to common beliefs and common interests with both disciplines. Furthermore, the psychology of criminal conduct can be described as using
According to Siegel (2015), trait theory is the view that criminality is a product of abnormal biological or psychological traits which can be subdivided into two major categories: those that stress biological makeup and those that stress psychological functioning (p. 109). Biological trait theories includes four different conditions: biochemical, neurophysiological, genetic, and evolutionary. Biochemical factors will include diet, hypoglycemia, hormonal influences, premenstrual syndrome, lead exposure, and environmental contaminants. Neurophysiological factors will include brain structure, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, brain chemistry, and arousal theory. Genetic causes could stem from parental deviance, adoption studies, and
1) In the 1942, two criminology analysts from the "Chicago School" of criminology, Clifford Shaw and Henry D. McKay created social confusion hypothesis through their research. The hypothesis of social disruption expresses a man 's physical and social conditions are basically in charge of the behavioral decisions that a man makes. Shaw and McKay guaranteed that wrongdoing was not caused at the individual level, but rather is an ordinary reaction by typical people to irregular conditions. Shaw and McKay distinguished a "circumstances and end results" connection between social disorder a the breakdown of casual social securities, so youth in the zone on the move were liberated from social limitations or controls, they were allowed to accumulate on road corners, without grown-up supervision prompted arrangement