The Double Helix: The Double Helix Part Two
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Recommended: The amazing double helix
1. Chargaff’s base pairing testing was significant to the double-helical shape discovery. In the beginning, Watson did not buy into Chargaff’s findings, but when he finally thought to test the findings on the double-helix model, he was able to find that they perfectly fit in and created a perfect shape, removing all doubt about how the bases should be aligned.
2. Everything in the double-helical model matched up with scientific evidence. The base-pairing was correct, the phosphate groups were on the outside, it explained how DNA can be replicated and how it can be turned into RNA. All of the angles were right between the atoms. Everything lined up to where the molecule was perfect and pretty.
3. People dismissed
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As soon as Gey realized what he had discovered he ordered a large factory to be built to mass produce HeLa cells, its main purpose was to discover a cure for Polio (Skloot, Pg. 93), but not only did it provide aid in the medical world, but companies such as cosmetic corporations could test the effects of their makeup and other cosmetics on cell health (Skloot, Pg. 102). The possibilities of research with HeLa cell were endless, anything from the research on atomic radiations effect on cells and how to reverse the damage, to the discovery of cells being able to live on after the extraction of their nucleus, and even the vast amount of studies of chemotherapy drugs, hormones, vitamins, and environmental stress proved the importance of HeLa cells in modern research (Skloot, Pg. 102). For the first time ever, scientists were able to properly identify the correct number of chromosomes and map them out, this further lead to the ability of being able to diagnose diseases where individuals had an excess or lack of chromosomes such as Trisomy 21 or Klinefelter syndrome (Skloot, Pg. 100). The science world had finally found a way to overcome the expense and strenuous procedures to obtain cell subjects, scientist could test the effect of gravity, the pressure of deep sea diving by spinning the cells in a centrifuge (Skloot,
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We might not know how important were Franklin’s lucid x-ray diffractions of hydrated DNA to Watson and Francis Crick if it
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the determination of the steps in a biochemical pathway. In the experiment conducted by Beadle and Tatum, they could find the biochemical reactions controlled by many genes. Hence it is correct. B. the "one gene, one enzyme" hypothesis.
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Interested Parties: Greg Garcia: a new assistant professor of biochemistry at Western Institute of Technology (West Tech). He is trying to build good relationship with other colleagues in order for him to get a tenure. Hal Edmund: a biochemist from the East Coast who is visiting the West Tech biochemistry department to give a seminar presentation. Carmen Choi: Greg is help Carmen about making her proposal clearer and more persuasive as his senior colleague, Cheryl, request from him.
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Another reason I believe why they reacted that way is perhaps they were competing to figure the DNA structure; Watson and Crick beat them to it, so it was their chance of criticizing. They probably wanted to add their opinions to get attention or look better than Watson. Or it could be that they had different values and perspective, and thus they ought to judge and criticize
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Although overall the subject was interesting, the method in which it was written seems to be sloppy and rush. At this juncture, I will explain the details in which drives me into believing such things about a published article. When writing a paper it is common practice to
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Steps 3 and 4 are involving the second arm of the mustard and a second molecule of DNA. Ultimately, two molecules
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The possibility that things as perplexing as the eye, or the flagella of various small-scale living beings could have created from straightforward structures to the more random ones we see today would be unthinkable, and that these structures were the aftereffect of some comprehensive insight. In any case, it can be contended that all together for the argument for configuration
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John and his high precision seem to flood the reader with information. The information although slightly useful is very unorganized. His point could have been made in a lot more succinct way to cause less confusion. John could have used his sequence more in planning out what he was going
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After the discovery of the structure of DNA in 1953 by Francis Crick, James Watson, Maurice Wilkins and Rosalind Franklin, Gamow attempted to solve the problem of how the order of the four different kinds of bases (adenine, cytosine, thymine and guanine) in DNA chains could control the synthesis of proteins from amino acids.[27] Crick has said[28] that Gamow's suggestions helped him in his own thinking about the problem. As related by Crick,[29] Gamow suggested that the twenty combinations[30] of four DNA bases taken three at a time corresponded to the twenty amino acids that form proteins. This led Crick and Watson to enumerate the twenty amino acids common to proteins. Gamow's contribution to solving the problem of genetic coding gave rise to important models of biological degeneracy.
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Franklin arrived while he was away, and, when he returned, he believed Franklin to be an assistant, only to discover the truth later--that she had been offered a position where she would only be working with a graduate student by the name of Raymond Gosling (The DNA Molecule Is Shaped like a Twisted Ladder). The crystallographer, Maurice Wilkins, was frustrated by this and the early errors led to high tensions between the two. Despite
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While reading Photograph 51 I felt very conflicted about my thoughts on all of the characters. My original opinion of them that I had formed while watching NOVA’s Secret of Photo 51 changed drastically upon reading the play. The characters I had felt bad for the first time turned into the characters I disliked the second time and vice versa. This idea of how people can be perceived intrigued me. It got me thinking about how people can observe various behaviors of a person and characterize or put them into a certain role because of it.
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When two scientists independently make the same discovery, their theories are not identical, but the core ideas in the papers are the same. Likewise, two novelists may independently write novels with the same themes, and coincedently conduct the same idea. The history of recombinant occurrences
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d done well and it also helps the reader to think about some questions he is asking. Although the typical reader wouldn't be able to know the answer to these complex questions because they are not a scientist it could also be an example of
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An Unjust System Freedom does not feel ‘free’ to all people, as many have struggled throughout the centuries to reach the treasured outcome of freedom that Americans so often speak pridefully of. An excerpt from Shaker, Why Don’t You Sing?, “Caged Bird” is a stand-alone poem written by Maya Angelou in 1983. In the poem “Caged Bird,” Maya Angelou displays the drastic differences between the “free” whites and the “caged” blacks by emphasizing the endless freedom that Caucasians historically have had, while African Americans have had to live in the midst of fear. The African American voice is evident in this poem through the “caged bird” as the speaker powerfully demonstrates her thoughts being opposed to a “free” bird, which is presumably Caucasian Americans.
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