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The Five Concepts Of Cultural Transposition

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When it comes to the translation of proper names with culture in mind Harvey and Higgins (2002: 33-37) introduce a term Cultural Transposition which refers to different degrees and levels of transfer of cultural items in translation. Certain expressions cannot be translated without losing the connotations. Some of them need to be naturalized and sometimes completely removed from the text in order to create a cohesive translation.
The whole purpose of Cultural Transposition is to create less foreign translations with concepts which would be more understandable for a target language reader. Cultural Transposition can be divided into five categories as seen on the diagram.

(Harvey and Higgins 2002: 33)

Exoticism - this category of Cultural Transposition includes all cultural elements which may be very foreign concepts to target language readers. Translated texts using exoticism often use cultural and grammatical aspects taken straight from source texts. Their purpose is to show the exotic nature of the text. Such translations may have a great impact on target language readers because of their foreign and exotic ideas.

Calque - it is the process of putting momentary foreignness into a target language text. A calque is modeled on a structure of a source language expression. The lack of characteristic of a particular language may be lexical and not harmful in any way. To create a good calque one must find a good compromise between grammar and meaning of a particular
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