The Migration In Egypt

Migration is one the oldest phenomena known worldwide. The migration of people has become a main aspect to both the origin country 's and host-country 's development. In other words, the level of human capital within a country is without a doubt related to the country’s level of development. The migration process could either cause a brain drain to the home country, a brain gain to the home country, or a mutual gain to both countries. Migration is an important phenomenon in Egypt that has a challenging impact on the country. For the past years, one of the biggest challenges facing developing countries like Egypt is the departure of their brightest scholars and scientists from the nation. The desire of more wealth, better living conditions,

Labor sectors estimate the number of job seekers entering the labor market annually at around 700,000 and 800,000, which is considered a huge number compared to the production capacity of the Egyptian economy (Ghoneim, Ahmed). In addition, there is a great conflict between availability of skills and labor market requirements. The lack of qualified human capital implies that there is a mismatch between the outputs of the education system and the demands of the labor market, which results in high rates of unemployment reaching about 12% (Ghoneim, Ahmed). Hence, migration to other countries is regarded as an outlet for those unemployed. Egyptian migrants usually send back home remittances that represent one of the largest financial inflows to the country. Even though the remittances represent an important economic benefit, the migration of people deprives the society of the gains associated with educated manpower. The current phenomenon available is of the "educated unemployed" which represents an important migration push factor to the

This project is taking place at Egypt’s National Research Center, which is located in central Cairo. It gives young researchers who have migrated the chance to return to the country and work in top-class facilities. The main criterion used when choosing among the candidates is that they should have PhDs from foreign universities. This research facility is attracting students to return back to Egypt after graduating. At the end of the recruitment process, 85 researchers under the age of 30 have been chosen to form several research groups to solve problems involved with the development of the country (Nordling, Linda). One group, for example, aims to find vaccines for diseases that have recently struck the country, while another evaluates the properties of a plant that can be used to cure cancer (Nordling, Linda). The project gives its students the chance to freely research and innovate under the condition of returning back to the country. When a young graduate is brought back to the country, a young mind is added to the level of human capital. This is one step to successfully reversing brain drain to wisdom gain and shifting permanent migration to circular or temporary