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Chapter 14 europe in the middle ages history of the world
Chapter 14 europe in the middle ages history of the world
Chapter 14 europe in the middle ages history of the world
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However, universities introduced a new system of education, eventually replacing the monastery and church schools. These were three good reasons why Europe was not in a "dark age."
From 500 to 1500 AD Europe was not in a dark age, because of their advances with the Gothic Cathedrals, their conquests in the Crusades, and their organization within their Government. During 1163 through 1345 Europe had many architectural advancements, such as the Gothic Cathedral and the Notre Dame. According to the Gothic Cathedral document in Universities and Cathedrals it states,”Common features of gothic cathedrals included architectural innovations, including: large columns, high ceilings with ribbed vaults, flying buttresses, and large stained glass windows.” This quote supports that Europe was not in a dark age because it shows how many architectural innovations were made during this time period.
"During the "Middle Ages", from 476 to about 1100, European civilization slipped into semi-barbarism". It was a very hard and bad time, but a lot of historians debate about if Europe was in a "dark age" or not. The evidence states that Europe was a dark age. There was a lot of evidence that states that Europe was not in a dark age.
The Middle Ages were a time where kings and nobles owned the land and serfs worked with little pay. Serfs were like slaves that worked on a farm (Doc. 1). They got one day to farm for themselves and the other six they were working for their king or noble (OI). Nobles and kings had knights called vassals (OI). Vassals were knights who protected and served kings and nobles in exchange for land (OI).
According to H. C. Davis’s description of the positive aspects of the middle ages [Document 7], the culture wasn't perfect but in the long run it served as a great influence to other countries. They thought highly of education which is why they took the time to study and flourish in topics, such as philosophy and law. New thoughts formed from the translated works of Aristotle which contributed to Europe's Medieval Universities. All in all, topics grew and became more elaborate over time which strengthened society. Finally, as topics advanced and became more intricate it wasn’t long until they opened a center of learning.
The Middle Ages was a dark time period. It was dark because education and culture were beginning to decline drastically. This is evident in document #1. As it states,”Europe suffered a decline in commerce and manufacturing, in education, in literature and the arts, and in almost all that makes possible a high civilization”. This detail demonstrates that the decline in education caused the civilizations to not reach their best potential and education began to become really rare to find as it was only accessible/available in Churches.
In the Middle Ages, the power of people impacted the society, because of the Feudal System. In other words, the rankings of people. There were four groups. The Kings and Queens were at the top, then the nobles, the knights, and last peasants and serfs(Doc. 1). Serfs and peasants had very little land given and they even had to provide food that they farmed for the knights and nobles.
Before the 1300s, most bishops were elected locally and few were appointed by the pope. This had been the pattern from the very beginning. The 1300s was a very unsettled time for the Catholic Church as it was spilt between having its centralized offices in Avignon, France, and Rome, Italy, eventually leading to multiple popes at the same time with one excommunicating the other and at one point having a third pope. This was not a reform, however, did show major divisions within the territorial churches that one could argue that left the Church in a weakened position, because of its overly concern with temporal matters, rather than spiritual matters, allowing for the later Protestant Reformation.
The Black Death caused many positive and negative changes in medieval society. Since the Black Death caused such a vast amount of humans to die in a short period, there was a large surplus of food however a shortage of peasants to work the land. This labour shortage meant that serfs were no longer tied to the land and could leave to find higher wages, as said in Chronicle of the Black Death 'such a shortage of workers... scarcely be persuaded to serve the eminent unless for triple wages'. Secondly, because of the upwards mobility and lack of structure that came from the Black Death and the fact that serfs could ask for more pay, feudalism became a lot less prominent in many places and was eventually replaced with other systems, such as capitalism.
The Middle Ages was the time period after the fall of the Roman Empire around 500 CE to the 1350’s. During this time the Roman Catholic Church and the Pope held the most power throughout Europe, the priests often lived in a closed area inside the walls of the monasteries. “Schools were few. Illiteracy was widespread” (Background essay) because of this average person of this time was illiterate .and more than 85 percent of the population were farmers and peasants called serfs and they worked in an estate for the owner called the lord.
Since the medieval days, many things have changed. This includes technology, traveling, medicine, doctors, the democratic governments and the list goes on. Thanks to inventers that have helped shape technology, more people have been able to give their ideas and help other people. For example, scientists have grown smarter so we know what’s good for us and what’s not (like smoking) well in the past they was close to no knowledge of science in fact when someone got sick they thout there would go to church and they would tell them they are cursed by god or god did not forgive them. Now day’s even kids know that that is not true which is just one of the improvements.
One interpretation from this definition is that a revolution will continue until a single sovereign order has been restored either by agreement or force. As the French Revolution demonstrated, the level of violence is likely to be greater after the first outbreak of revolution or revolutionary situation, as one group claiming sovereignty seeks to vanquish one or more other rival groups also claiming sovereignty. o A good example in the French Revolution is the events leading up to the overthrow of the Constitutional Monarch on August 1792—often called the “Second Revolution”—and the establishment of the First French Republic. o After the establishment of the Republic, the level of violence grew as the Republican regime sought
Modern society 's image is most accurately represented by the scientific stage. In today 's day and age, everyday life is very complicated and intertwined in technology and science. For instance, smartphones are an example of technology and social interaction fused into today 's cell phones that handles a number of tasks that previously took a desk-full of office tools to handle (i.e. microsoft office products being offered on cell phones and tablets). This progressive stage has also accelerated the way in which society has evolved. For example, tools currently used in head start and elementary schools allow instructors to teach their students more in a shorter amount of time (leading to 1st and 2nd graders learning and excelling in areas such as algebra and biology).
Medieval Europe changed significantly during the tenth and eleventh centuries. The economy underwent a transformation through specialized jobs, job responsibilities, technology, and the development of towns and cities. People lived in small villages until the growth of towns and cities redefined the class structure. New agricultural practices increased the food supply as well as technological changes expanding agriculture. These changes created a more intelligent social class of people.
Every great time period eventually has to come to an end. As time goes by no person will ever know when aspects could start to go wrong. The Middle Ages, from the 5th century to the 15th century, was a time period that was very successful, but came to an abrupt end. The church was the center of attention and beliefs were strictly based off of superstitions. The Middle Ages were composed of and relied on three main systems; feudalism, manorialism, and the Roman Catholic Church.
