The death penalty discuss the validity or otherwise of the death penalty is a recent acquisition, exclusive of European culture, and it is absent in all those cultures that have not known a Enlightenment understood as "critical traditions". 1764: the crime and punishment of Beccaria. For the first time in 1796 abolished the death penalty in Tuscany Pietro Leopoldo. First there was a religious-metaphysical conception of justice: the penalty was a clearing. Justice is understood as "rightness", straight, of a certain thing, on its being: something is right when it is as it should be, when it is consistent with his nature, when it is perfectly itself. If the specific nature or essence of man lies in his being rational animal, or in his being …show more content…
As a specific deterrent capital punishment is efficient: the perpetrator cannot kill again and more innocent lives might be saved. The relevant question might however be: to what degree are murderers likely to kill again? Is capital punishment likely to prevent future killings? A study quoted by Robinson says that, out of 238 paroled offenders, less than 1 % were returned to prison for committing a subsequent homicide. Sunstein and Vermeule suggest that studies show that 18 lives are saved per execution. The very high figure seems to run contrary to other views cited in this paper. You can however argue that executions may be excessive because effective incapacitation can be achieved through life imprisonment, although leaving a risk that the offender might kill again while in prison. Capital punishment can also bring closure for the victim’s family but the delay in conviction often makes this point of little comfort or use to the family. To determine the relative utility of capital punishment one must assess the benefits against the costs of capital punishment. Assessing the contribution of capital punishment to the overall welfare of society is difficult however. How can you measure the worth of closure to the families? And how should we evaluate the racial and social bias that has been proven statistically to be true for capital punishment? Robinson concludes that “In spite of all this, it is a safe decision that capital punishment as practiced in the United States has only modest benefits but enormous costs. Thus the utilitarian argument of capital punishment is that the death penalty is