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The Role Of Political Ideology In Political Science

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To comprehend the role of political ideologies in political science, one first has to understand how a political ideology is defined. A political ideology can be defined as a set of beliefs or a belief system that has emotion attached by either an individual or a group of individuals. Along with having a set of beliefs, most people are emotional on their morals or ethics and want to take action to prevent others from acting against their beliefs by performing in social movements. It is important to remember that each person has their own belief system and it stems from how individuals view the actual world, since political ideologies can explain how a society and government should function. Most individuals or groups of individuals identify …show more content…

Many political ideologists admired and attempted to preserve the past. One major difference from classical conservatism was that modern conservatisms eventually accepted gradual and incremental change. It was severely evident that they admired a well balanced hierarchical society with an emphasis on a need for authority. As stated previously, authority can be defined as the utilization of coercion and manipulation as a use of force to make its constituents comply with the government because elected officials should be entrusted natural leaders. However, the real source of authority and obedience was tradition. Modern conservatism consists of entrusting the government to use force to defend the nation under the circumstances that are necessary to preserve the constituents well being.In order to accept change, it had to be dealt with moderately and only if it was willed by the constituents of the nation. These two types of conservatism differ, but are popular ideologies even in present day America; however, one other popular political ideology is …show more content…

One characteristic is that two motives are collective ownership and having a planned economy (Johnson). A communist leader believes that each individual should work to their capability and receive according to their needs. One interesting characteristic is that in a communist society there is no class hierarchy (Johnson). According to Johnson, Karl Marx is considered to be the founding father of a communist political ideology (Johnson). “Karl Marx is today the most famous early theoretician of communism, but he did not invent the term or the basic social ideals, which he mostly borrowed and adapted from the less systematic theories of earlier French utopian socialists -- grafting these onto a philosophical framework Marx derived from the German philosophers Hegel and Feuerbach, while adding in a number of economic theories derived from his reinterpretation of the writings of such early political economists such as Adam Smith, Thomas Malthus, and David Ricardo”

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Abolitionist Strategies David Walker and Phillis Wheatley are two exceptional humans. The ideologies expressed throughout their work had a unique perspective, due to their intimate insight of being apart of the slave system. Though they align on the right to freedom, they do not entirely collude together, on the same abolitionist tone. Wheatley wishes to degrade this institution, through wit and intellect.

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What is conservatism? Well, conservatism is a standard value and idea with resistance to change. Conservatism was mentioned a lot in the 1980's. One of our many president's elections implied the return of conservatism. The known Conservative was the United States 40th President Ronald Reagan.

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The Rise of Ronald Reagan and Republican Conservatism Conservatism and liberalism are two of the most dominant political philosophies and ideologies during the post-Enlightenment era (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy). As an ideology, conservatism served as a blueprint in the society which promoted the idea of retaining traditional social institutions, beliefs, cultures and discourage social changes. Although the United States of America during the present day promotes liberalism, there was one portion of the country’s history that conservatism was promoted due to several factors. This paper examines the very factors which gave rise to conservatism embodied in the candidacy of Ronald Reagan.

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Communism builds on the idea that everyone is the same and should earn the same amount of money regardless of their profession. The most important with communism is that there should not be any class distinctions. China, Laos, Cuba and Vietnam

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Karl Marx was born May 5th 1818 in Germany. The economic ideas of Karl Marx were specifically that he did not believe in people having great ideas to change the economy but rather that all people needed was to be able to live a decent life, meaning that they had food to eat and a home. For Karl Marx the economic system had to be equal values, and therefore eradicating classes. Therefore arises Communism, which is the defined by the Chambers Concise Dictionary (2009) as “A political ideology advocating a classless society, the abolition of private ownership, and collective ownership by the people of all sources of wealth and production.” The ideas of Karl Marx were adopted in many countries across the globe for example the USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Russia) that existed from 1922 to 1991 when the idea of socialism and communism failed and

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Conservatism has five main contents. The first one is tradition which is creating sense of identity and a feeling of social integration. The second one is human imperfection. According to this theme, people are imperfect and unsafe so they aspire

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According to the Oxford Dictionary, ideology is a word that roots in late 18th century France, and defined as “A system of ideas and ideals, especially one which forms the basis of economic or political theory and policy.” (Angus, Pearsall, and Hanks, 869) This means that ideology is structures of ideas that are specifically foundation for different political and economic theories; for example, socialism and environmentalism are ideologies. Disregard the fact that the word ideology was rooted from 18th century there were still political theories and policies before late 18th century. One of the political ideas that modern day people consider as ideology is Absolutism from 1589 to 1725.

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Meanwhile, the theory of Communism was theoretically developed by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in 1848, with the writing of “The Communist Manifesto” (Heywood, Politics 41). Communism is a system in which all economics and politics are synthesized into one classless state which is most commonly associated with common ownership and people 's leadership by a political party. Although both ideologies coincide in a few aspects when in practice, Communism and Fascism feature different approaches to property and society. Similarities between Fascism and Communism First, under both despotic systems, the state controls the production system, industry, and trade.

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It can be hard to find your political view. Sometimes it takes time and research on political issues in our country and around the world. There are two popular political views; conservative and liberal. The definition for a conservative; is holding to traditional attitudes and values and cautious about change or innovation, typically in relation to politics or religion. Liberal definition is; open to new behavior or opinions and willing to discard traditional values.

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Conservatism was an ideology in which people had ideas and beliefs to preserve the current order. Conservatives believed in tradition over reason and in the hierarchy of birth rather than liberals, who believed in the hierarchy of merit. Conservatives believed in security and stability as well. One of their great leaders, Otto von Bismarck, created social programs, health programs, and guaranteed retirement programs for society. Conservatives believed that being loyal to the state will insure that you will be protected by the state.

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Andre Abi Haidar PSPA 210 INTRODUCTION It is always difficult to write about and discuss Karl Marx, or more importantly the applications of Marx’s theories, due to the fact that he inspired and gave rise to many movements and revolutionaries, not all of which follow his theories to the point. Although Marx tends to be equated with Communism, it might not seem righteous to blame him for whatever shortcomings occurred when his theories were put to the test; Marx passed away well before the revolution in Russia, and he played no role in the emergence of the totalitarian regime at the time. When discussing Marx, however, Vladimir Lenin is one of the biggest highlights when it comes to studying the outcomes of Marx’s theories.

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Guadalupe Olivares 10/01/14 The Process of Political Socialization The process of political socialization is what happens throughout a person’s life can influence their political ideology. There have been three main factors that have been major influences on my political ideology. These three factors are schools, peers, and mass media.

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The three main ideas from the Communist Manifesto The Communist Manifesto, written by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, had little to no influence when it was first published in 1848 for the Communist League. However, soon after Marx and Engel’s other writings on socialism became published it grew in popularity, and was considered a standard text of the time (Brians, 2006). With Marx’s radical ideas, and Engels’ thorough writing, they were able to convey how they were individual of the other socialists of the time and elaborate on their idea socialism and how it would inevitably be achieved. The three main ideas from The Communist Manifesto are class conflict, ephemeral capitalism, and inevitable revolution.

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In American society, there is an ongoing list of political ideologies. These political ideologies range anywhere from the commitment to traditional values (conservatism), to the freedom and openness to change (liberalism). Whether it is authoritarian conservative, anarchism, socialism, progressivism, pluralism, toleration, etc., everyone is entitled to their own views. After doing research on several ideologies, I found myself closely associated with liberalism.

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Karl Marx (1818-1883) considered himself not to be a sociologist but a political activist. However, many would disagree and in the view of Hughes (1986), he was ‘both – and a philosopher, historian, economist, and a political scientist as well.’ Much of the work of Marx was political and economic but his main focus was on class conflict and how this led to the rise of capitalism. While nowadays, when people hear the word “communism”, they think of the dictatorial rule of Stalin and the horrific stories of life in a communist state such as the Soviet Union, it is important not to accuse Marx of the deeds carried out in his name.

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