Other thing is that, Hayley S. Arnold, Ph.D. Purdue University mentioned in her article (2009) on "The Stuttering Foundation" website that while she was doing doctoral work at Vanderbilt University, she measured emotions using a special device on the behaviors produced by nine children who stutter and other nine children who don’t stutter. She analyzed behaviors; the children who stutter were less skilled at emotion arrangement. She found that the children who stutter using fewer emotion arrangement strategies stuttered