The Truman Doctrine: Containment Policy After World War II
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Also, he decided to give Greece and Turkey $400 million in aid. The reason of this decision was that Soviet Union was expanding communist in europe. By helping Greece and Turkey, the US slowed down and retarded the expansion of the Soviet Union. After the World War II, many of the european countries
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In 1947 the British announced that they are no longer able to support the pro western governments of the mediterranean in their fight against communism. If the United States could not take up the burden the whole region was in danger of falling under communist rule. The Truman administration respond decisively. March 12th 1947, the president went before a joint session of congress to request aid for the countries of Greece and Turkey. The address sent a clear message to the soviet union.
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Harry S. Truman was in office when containment was created. He helped other countries by sending supplies and money to help their army and economy (Truman 13). Eisenhower used the U.S.’s military to help defend other countries from communism (Ayers 820). Kennedy sent the U.S.’s weapons to other countries to help them defend themselves from communism (Kennedy 9). Truman likes the idea of helping, but not directly, so he sent them supplies, so they could defend their countries themselves, just with our help (Truman 13).
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Thesis/Argument: Although my original thesis and a few other answers resembled that of Dr. Carey’s, I think this one may work as well. “An examination of the origins of the NSC illuminates our understanding of Truman as president as well as our understanding of bureaucratic politics. Ultimately, it even informs our knowledge of foreign policy, for the NSC was the newest weapon in the Cold War.” (Page 361. first paragraph)
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World War II was one of the biggest conflicts in the history of the world. It was a conflict between the Allies — Britain, American, and France — and the Axis Powers — Germany, Italy, and Japan. America entered the war in 1941 when the Japanese surprise attack our naval base at Pearl Harbor in Hawaii. At the start of the conflict, the 32nd President, Franklin D. Roosevelt, was our Chief in Command that had just let the nation through one of its most trying times, the Great Depression. In 1942, Roosevelt began a top secret project led by Robert J. Oppenheimer.
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Containment was used by the United States so they could prevent communism spreading and was used towards the Guatemalans, Greece, Turkey, and Cuba during the cold war. In which was successful in stopping communism from spreading but did require people being killed or be put in jail which is bad because they got punished for something they believed on. This happened around 1954 because at that time they were fighting the cold war so they had to come with a quick and effective way to stop communism from spreading and containment was the solution. Containment was a big step for the Unites states, they were to intimidate the Soviet Union.
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Stopping the spread of Communism through military and nonmilitary ways. The Soviets had expansive tendencies. The Soviets wanted to isolate West Berlin from the West and take them over. From Document A, In these circumstances it is clear that the main element of any United States policy
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This tug of war between Roosevelt representing an interventionist minority and the isolationists in Congress resulted in little effective headway made in either direction until the United States was once again forced into a world war. In President Harry Truman’s speech, The Truman Doctrine, given on the twelfth of March, 1947 before a Joint Session of Congress, Truman voiced, “I believe that it must be the policy of the United States to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures.” After World War Two, the United States realized that a lack of involvement and aid for war torn countries allowed communism and totalitarianism to spread. The Soviet Union took control of many Eastern European countries, and this was called the Iron Curtain by Winston Churchill. Unlike in World War One and the beginning of World War Two, Truman had support from more well liked figures such as George F. Kennan and George C. Marshall. Kennan’s idea was based around providing economic and financial aid to struggling countries, and this heavily shaped the plan America would use.
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During this time, people were being killed because they do not believe and communism and they were against it, this was known as the red scare. The containment policy had a huge impact on stopping the spread of communism and will forever be a huge part of American Foreign Policy. When communism to begin to spread there were some cases where a country would be split into sectors.
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The threat of Greece and Turkey falling to communism was a great fear in the U.S. government because of the Domino Theory. The Domino Theory was the idea that if Greece and Turkey were to fall to communism then the Middle East and perhaps Europe would also fall. The only way to stop the Domino Theory was for active U.S. intervention in the World. During the Truman Doctrine speech, President Truman said in his speech that the United States needs to help the “free peoples of the world” otherwise “we may endanger the peace of the world—and we shall surely endanger the welfare of our own nation”(Edwards, Congress and the Origins of the Cold War). President Truman’s speech had a huge impact on U.S. foreign policy for the next 40 years as the U.S. continued to intervene in other places such as Korea and Vietnam.
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It should be noted that, from the point of view of some American researchers, it was not the case with Greece and Turkey that was fundamental for the formulation of the Truman Doctrine. Just this case for the first time required the allocation of a fairly large amount of money.
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Containment was the strategy used by the United States throughout the Cold War. Containment was first proposed by George Kennan in 1947, he believed that Moscow would eventually adopt peaceful policies if America had a firm resistance. Three examples of the use of containment by the American government are The Truman Doctrine, The Marshall Plan, and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). The first act of containment was seen in 1947 when the Truman Doctrine occurred.
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The Soviet Union began demanding adjustments to its relations and control over Turkey, as well as Iran. Though Stalin backed down at the threat of U.S. Naval forces, his actions led to the containment policy. This policy is used to prevent the spread of communism. Later, in 1947, the United States took over the responsibility of providing economic aid to Turkey and Greece and announced that they would be helping the nations affected by Communism. The Marshall Plan was put into effect later that year and it offered reconstruction aid to much of Europe.
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As World War II came to a close, relations between the United States and the Soviet Union became tense. George Frost Kennan, a historian and diplomat in Soviet Russia after war, was an advocate for using a policy of containment for communism (Shi and Tindall 1066). It appeared that the Soviets were confident that capitalism and communism could not coexist peacefully and so the American response was to limit its parameters in the world. President Truman himself coined the domino theory, which maintained that if one country fell to communism, others would follow (Shi and Tindall 1006). This theory is what the Truman Doctrine encompassed and also continued to be the opinion on communism for the duration of the Cold War.
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States. Military and economic aid was sent to Greece as well as Turkey to resist the Soviet threat. Part of the strategy of the Truman Doctrine included the Marshall Plan, a massive aid and rebuilding program designed to assist European countries to rebuild, while at the same time helping those nations resist the temptation to adopt communist forms of economics and government. The United States sent food and economic aid to many European nations to help them rebuild their infrastructures and economies in order to resist communism. This aid was also offered to Eastern European nations, but Stalin forbade those nations under his control to accept it.
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