Toccata for clavier in E minor BWV 914 J.S. Bach
(1685-1750)
Slow (no specific tempo indication)
Un poco Allegro
Adagio
Allegro
Johann Sebastian Bach (1685 - 1750) is born in Eisenach Germany. He skilled in violin, organ and harpsichord. And he also composed lots of famous works such as Mass in B minor, Brandenburg concertos and The Well-Tempered Clavier etc. Bach was claimed “the Father of music”
Toccata means ‘to touch’, generally for keyboard instruments. It came from Renaissance and commonly they are used for showing off players playing and improvising techniques, it contains lots of sudden changes of rhythm etc. Bach has composed eleven Toccatas in his life, four for organ and seven for keyboards. Toccata in E minor is the second
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He has composed 9 symphonies, 5 concertos for piano, 16 string quartets, 32 piano sonatas and some chamber works and choral music in his life. He lost his hearing due to suffering from a severe form of tinnitus (a ringing sound appeared in his ear made him difficult to listen) by his age of 26. Yet, his composing life did not come to a stop, he has composed lots of prominent works like Symphony no.9. He lived in Vienna until his death.
Beethoven’s works can be divided into three periods, Sonata in C minor (Pathétique) belongs to his early period. It is one of a dedication to his principal patron - Prince Karl Von Lichnowsky during Beethoven was residing in Vienna in his early years. Although the Pathétique Sonata is likely listed into the Classical period in the technical aspect, it consists lots of romantic elements as well. Additionally, Beethoven has high admired to Mozart. It is believed that Mozart’s K. 475 piano sonata inspired Beethoven a lot.
First Movement - Grave, Allegro di molto e con
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He was born in a small town in Hungary. He studied piano under Istvan Thoman and composition under János Koessler at the Royal Academy of Music in Budapest. When he was 23, he stayed in a village called Slovakian and heard a singer called Lidi Dósa was singing Piros alma, and it had made him start to love writing folk music. He died in 1945 after he had moved to New York for five years. Although his assistant helped him to finish his Piano Concerto No. 3, his Viola concerto still not yet finished when he died.
The “Mikrokosmos”, contains six volumes of piano compositions and mainly used in piano instruction. It is getting more difficult from beginning to end. This series of works are written for his son as a piano tutor. Six Dances in Bulgarian Rhythm are the six last pieces in the whole Mikkrokosmos series.These six dances are characterized by unequal measure length. A short and brief analysis of each dance is shown below:
Dance 1(#148): 4+2+3
A very energetic theme from the beginning, then slows down and build up again in the first variation. Second Variation return to a calm mood, but there is a forceful purpose appear in the coda and concludes the piece in