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Two Modes Of Inclusion Analysis

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Within the scholarly article, Two Modes of Inclusion, Kenneth W. Mack explains how the first mode of inclusion almost always shifts into the second mode of inclusion. Originally in 2016, Mack’s work was published as part of Harvard’s Race and Higher Education Commentary Series. The purpose of this article is to explain the inevitability of the transition into the second mode of inclusion, even if the person seeking inclusion is only seeking the first mode of inclusion. Likewise, the exigence of Two Modes of Inclusion is to show the obvious issues within the education system. For example, in modern day society, many students are still excluded. Although all students are allowed participation, Mack argues many institutions lack inclusion …show more content…

The first mode of inclusion is simply participation, whether it be in schools, the workforce, or society. In contrast, the second mode of inclusion changes the fundamental rules of society. For example, African Americans participating in the civil rights movement would strive for participation, the first mode of inclusion. In order to do so, members of the civil rights movement had to change the fundamental rules of universities and schools, shifting into the second mode of inclusion. Although the goal was simply participation, it is inevitable to shift to the second mode of inclusion. Overall, the purpose of Two Modes of Inclusion is to explain the constant transition from the first mode of inclusion to the …show more content…

Mack is directly reaching out to people who can work within institutions to make a change including students, educators and administrators. While writing to this audience, Mack uses ethos to give himself a stronger sense of credibility. Ethos appeals to ethics and uses background information to provide more credibility to the author. Mack does this by referencing well known cases such as Brown v. Board of Education. By mentioning a major case, Mack not only strengthens his argument but also makes people realize that exclusion is an ethical dilemma. Although inclusion may not be as much of an issue today as it was during the civil rights movement, it is still relevant in society. By referencing cases with strong ethical values, the audience compares the ethical dilemmas of today to a time when it was much more

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Ethos is a rhetorical appeal that focuses on convincing an audience through the use of status, such as the use of credible sources or influential people. (cite professor) Worthen includes an interview with Lyndah Lovell, “a graduating senior at the College of William & Mary in Williamsburg,” to assert the positive response of a college student regarding the practice of proper social conventions. “Insisting on traditional etiquette is also simply good pedagogy... they [students] just don’t know they should otherwise - no has bothered to explain it to them.

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One of the most strived for things in life is academic excellence however the path to it is never easy. Author Thompson Ford’s article “How To Understand Acting White” outlines Stuart Bucks arguments about the irony of desegregation in education. A separate essay written by, Alfred Lubrano, “The Shock of Education: How College Corrupts” has similar ironies about the average college student. If Ford was to read Lubrano’s essay, Ford would come to a more complex conclusion by incorporating arguments and concepts from Lubrano’s essay. Ford may utilize Lubrano’s essay to expand on certain concepts such as the proximity effect, socioeconomics, and the level of education in top tier schools to further explain the “acting white” phenomenon from his own article.

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Historically Black colleges and universities (HBCUs) are institutions of higher education in the United States founded primarily for the education of African Americans. Prior to the mid-1960s, HBCUs were virtually the only institutions open to African Americans due to the vast majority of predominantly white institutions prohibiting qualified African Americans from acceptance during the time of segregation. As such, they are institutional products of an era of discrimination and socially constructed racism against African Americans (Joseph, 2013). Successfully, millions of students have been educated in spite of limited resources, public contempt, accreditation violations, and legislative issues. The purpose of this research paper is to discuss

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In the movie Lean on Me, the principle used ethos, pathos and logos in order for the students to succeed. When Mr.Clark took over the high school, he uses ethos by expelling all of the bad kids that have been there for a long time and all they do is go around and misbehave. Mr.Clark scared the students, and they know now that Mr.Clark wants them to succeed. He does not wanted the students to mess around and to focus on their academics. Another time Mr. Clark used ethos is when he yelled at the teachers because they were not dedicated enough to try to help their students accomplish something in school.

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”This is what is supposed to be in effect overall public schools and colleges. But discrimination is inevitable, not because of all the racist people out there, but because of the lack of opportunities to be aware of discrimination between races. Although the United States has come a very long way in race equality, there is still vast room for improvement among all

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To begin, Schlack supports his points by using ethos, pathos and logos throughout the article. Having used ethos, pathos and logos Schlack persuades readers that his points are responsible. Lawrence B. Schlack uses Ethos when starting a quote from a middle school student, “College is like your life. If you don’t go to college… you can’t live a successful life.” ( paragraph 16)

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McGray used Ethos to appeal to the conscience of the reader throughout the entire piece. He specifically used it when he gave the statistics on how unknowledgeable Americans were about the surrounding world. These statistics caused the reader to question their values on what they learn and what they find important and potentially realize that they as Americans need to change and make a difference in their

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The Ethos definition is the convincing by a credible source. Martin Luther King used ethos on page 8 when he wrote “since we so diligently urge people to obey the Supreme Court’s decision of the 1954 outlawing segregation in the public schools.” MLK puts this in the letter because of many reasons. The first reason is because, it shows how even though there are laws not allowing schools to have segregation still do. Second, this shows that even though the Supreme Court says to do something the racist people still don’t obey those orders.

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Ethos is established through the method of personal narrative which Ellison employs. He is the little boy in his story and therefore has an established authority as he has

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Sanders supports his argument with the appeal of ethos by validating the fact that he is a college professor and sees students versus learners all the time. For instance, Sanders says “I see this [students being afraid of being wrong] most often when students turn in written papers (Sanders 4). By mentioning his first-hand account he is building is authority and trustworthiness on the subject at hand. Finally, Sanders appeals to pathos when he involves emotions and presents his invitation to students to become a learner. He addresses the reader as “you” to form the basic relationship.

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Ethos is “the character and credibility of the writer in the eyes of the reader.” An example of this is, “We, therefore, the Representatives of the United States of America, in General Congress, Assembled, appealing to the Supreme Judge of the world for the rectitude of our intentions..”. The author shows their credibility by stating they are representatives of the United States of America. The authors also portrayed this by, “In every stage of these Oppressions We have Petitioned for Redress in the most humble terms.”

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Ethos refers to the author’s credibility and authority on the subject matter as perceived by the audience (Williams, 2012). Gladwell is a staff writer for The New Yorker as well as a bestselling author that doubles as a public speaker (Donadio, 2006); and his experience shows in his writing. Gladwell uses many learned and reliable sources to support his claims that each provide striking foolproof evidence . The author establishes a strong backbone to his argument by making sure he covers all the basics and never leaves anything to chance. Anything Gladwell does

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Throughout many of the affirmative action legal cases, one of the main arguments from proponents is that it is necessary in order to right the wrongs of past racial discrimination. Some say that affirmative action is justified because even though white applicants may be more qualified, this is only because they did not face the same hardships as their minority counterparts (Rachels, Ethics, 1973).  Many argue if we do not integrate disadvantaged minorities into mainstream social institutions, they will continue to suffer the discrimination that has plagued our country for centuries and that this is detrimental to not only the minorities but also society as a whole (Anderson, 2002, 1270–71). However, the debate has recently shifted to the benefits of diversity in the classroom which the Supreme Court has affirmed as being a positive thing

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