ipl-logo

Essay On United States Vs Virginia

701 Words3 Pages

United States v. Virginia: Equal Protection Nathan O’Hara Liberty High School 4A United States v. Virginia is an equal rights case that argued whether it was constitutional for Virginia Military Institute (VMI) to deny women the opportunity to attend the all male Institute purely because of their genders (U.S. v. Virginia, 1996). Virginia was accused of violating the 14th Amendment’s Equal Protection Clause and trying to make an all female institution as a substitute for not accepting women (U.S. v. Virginia, 1996). In response Virginia created the Virginia Women’s Institute for Leadership (VWIL) as a female alternative located at the already all female Mary Baldwin College (Chicago-Kent College of Law, 2015b). Is the creation …show more content…

The creation of the VWIL was also declared to not be an equal alternative to VMI, as it did come with the same reputation and prestige that a VMI diploma has with it. The majority opinion, written by Ginsberg, said that because VMI could not justify that their restrictions on genders and how it contributed to the education or structure of the school that it was unconstitutional to deny this right to women (U.S. v. Virginia, 1996). Justice Scalia wrote the dissenting argument in which he argued that the court’s decision was more based on strict scrutiny rather than intermediate scrutiny as it was in Craig v. Boren. By not allowing women, Virginia was facing the same dilemma as Oklahoma in Craig v. Boren when the Equal Protection Clause had been called into question when state law gave two different drinking ages for different sexes. In this 7-2 case was the first to Craig v. Boren, which stated that Oklahoma having two different drinking ages for males and females was unconstitutional as it did not provide justification as to why the genders had different standards (Chicago-Kent College of Law, 2015a). Justice Thomas did not concur or descent in this case but instead chose to abstain from ruling on the case due to the fact that his son was a cadet at VMI at the time of the case (Chicago-Kent College of Law, 2015b). Doing this, Justice Thomas made sure his personal opinions and thoughts would not influence his decision and therefore he upheld the integrity of the Supreme

Show More
Related
730 Words | 3 Pages

The court of appeals reversed and the final decision fell in Joe Hogan’s favor, winning with a five to four decision. The judges that favored Hogan were judges Brennan, White, Marshall, Stevens, and O’Connor. The university was after the fact mandated to change their policy, allowing males to be able to

Read More
510 Words | 3 Pages

United States v. Place, 462 U.S. 696 (1983) Capsule Summary: Seizing a person’s luggage for an extended period until a warrant is obtained violates the Fourth Amendment as beyond the limits of a Terry stop, but, a sniff by a narcotics dog does not constitute a search for Fourth Amendment purposes. Facts: The respondent Raymond Place was stopped by Federal Agents (DEA) upon his arrival into LaGuardia Airport on a Friday afternoon. The respondent refused to consent to the search of his luggage. His luggage was seized by the agents under suspicion they contained narcotics. The respondent was informed the agents would be obtaining a search warrant from a judge.

Read More
491 Words | 2 Pages

Worcester v. Georgia By Sydney Stephenson Worcester v. Georgia is a case that impacted tribal sovereignty in the United States and the amount of power the state had over native American territories. Samuel Worcester was a minister affiliated with the ABCFM (American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions). In 1827 the board sent Worcester to join its Cherokee mission in Georgia. Upon his arrival, Worcester began working with Elias Boudinot, the editor of the Cherokee Phoenix (the first Native American newspaper in the United States) to translate religious text into the Cherokee language. Over time Worcester became a close friend of the Cherokee leaders and advised them about their political and legal rights under the Constitution and federal-Cherokee treaties.

Read More
309 Words | 2 Pages

In 1978, two plans were put forth regarding how each state in the union would be represented in the national legislature. The two plans put forth were the, “Virginia Plan” (which favored big states), and the “New Jersey Plan.” (which favored small states) Edmund Randolph of Virginia proposed the Virginia plan. The plan laid out a system in which states would be represented in the national legislature based on their population and/or by how much revenue they contributed to the national government.

Read More
1959 Words | 8 Pages

United States v. Miller Kalyn Reading The case of the United States vs Miller is an intriguing case to say the least. It started with two men trying to transport sawed off shotguns and ended with a little bit of blood and some prison time. This was a case best explain by Doctor Brian L Frye in his paper The Peculiar Story of United States vs. Miller. “On June 2, 1938, Miller and Layton were both indicted on one count of violating 26 U.S.C. § 1132(c) by transporting an untaxed short-barreled shotgun in interstate commerce.

Read More
1159 Words | 5 Pages

DBQ Essay The United States Constitution is a document that or founding fathers made in order to replace the failing Articles of Confederation (A of C). Under the Constitution, the current government and states don’t have the problems they faced when the A of C was in action. The Constitution was created in 1788, and held an idea that the whole nation was nervous about. This idea was a strong national government, and the Federalist assured the people that this new government would work. The framers of the Constitution decided to give more power to the Federal government rather than the state governments because the A of C had many problems, there was a need for the layout of new government, rights, and laws, and there was a need for the Federal

Read More
585 Words | 3 Pages

Loving v. Virginia, 388 U.S. 1 (1967) Facts of the case: In 1924, the state of Virginia passed the Racial Integrity Act of 1924 which banned the marriage between a white person and a person of color. The law only targeted interracial marriages that consisted of a white person and a non-white person. The act had additional provisions that penalized the travel out of state for purposes of marriage between a white person and person of color; upon return to Virginia, the marriage would be subject to Virginian law. The punishment for the marriage was one to five years incarceration, and the marriage would be void “without any judicial proceeding.” Aware of the Racial Integrity Act, Richard Loving, a white man, and Mildred Jeter, a black woman, traveled

Read More
851 Words | 4 Pages

Nevadan Government, while bound by federal policy, is different in many ways. The definitions and powers of branches of government as well as amendment processes, in their differences to federal equals, define much of Nevadan politics and state governance. Most of the important differences either protect voters through more stringent legislative requirements or give more democratic power to the majority through the elective and legislative process. The Nevada Constitution, adopted in 1864, is much longer and more in depth than the US Constitution ratified 76 years before.

Read More
575 Words | 3 Pages

On 1787, a constitutional convention was held in Philadelphia state house, where three proposal were suggested: the Virginia Plan, the New Jersey Plan, and the Connecticut Compromise. The Virginia Plan intention was to establish a Congress with numerical representation and a more robust national government; however, this proposition led into an opposed proposal called The New Jersey plan. The New Jersey plan was made to make modification to the Articles of Confederation but more importantly, the plan is to make clear of whom has the power of what states. Two delegates from Connecticut were joined together to acquire the image only by the states in senate and numbers in the House, calling it the Connecticut Compromise. As all the Plans I previously mentioned, I will go on depth on how the Virginia Plan, the New Jersey Plan, and the Connecticut Compromise shape America today.

Read More
1554 Words | 7 Pages

The 17th Amendment of the Constitution once it was ratified by a majority of states in 1913 changed the way Senators were elected in the voting process. Prior to the ratification of the amendment, the founding fathers saw it fit that the state legislators be invested with the authority to assign states their chosen Senators. The debate on whether the amendment was significant or not has been argued on among scholars and critics alike. One can say the fact that a debate exists at all answers that question itself. The hysteria behind the attachment of the 17th amendment is that it sets precedent for future changes to laws concerning the balance of power between the states and our central government established by the countries Founding Fathers.

Read More
390 Words | 2 Pages

The duty of any criminal prosecutor is to seek justice. A conviction is the end of justice being served prior to sentencing; however justice cannot be served if an innocent person is found guilty. Even though the prosecutor(s) are there to represent the public and has the duty to aggressively pursue offenders for violations of state and federal laws, they shall never lose sight or their own moral compass of their main purpose is to find the truth. In the pursuit of truth, the United States Supreme Court has developed or made rulings in reference to several principles of conduct which have to be followed by all prosecutors to assure that the accused person(s) are allowed the proper procedures and due process of the law granted by the 14th Amendment.

Read More
266 Words | 2 Pages

The United States constitution and the North Carolina constitution were both created to initiate a form a government at their own levels, and to give those governments specific powers. Both constitutions have similar outlines of their executive, legislative, and judicial branches, and include an article that secures the rights of citizens through the legal systems. Although they bear conspicuous similarities, such as structure, the state and U.S. constitutions do exhibit differences as well. Possibly the most recognizable distinction between the two constitutions is that the North Carolina constitution has a basis of religion. The preamble states that the people of North Carolina are “grateful to Almighty God, the Sovereign Ruler of Nations”.

Read More
268 Words | 2 Pages

The movie “Loving” is based on a true story, and it depicts the lives of Richard and Mildred Loving, an interracial couple, living in Virginia. In 1958, the couple went to Washington D.C and got married. They married here for the reason that interracial marriage was banned in Virginia. Yet, when they got back home, they were arrested. They spent the expanse of nine years struggling for their right to live as family in their town.

Read More
853 Words | 4 Pages

State vs. Mayfield Trial On December 27th, 1989, State Police Officer Edward Mayfield pulled over Donna Nugent to a shady area where he strangled her and threw her body off of a bridge. We don’t know why he pulled her over. He then proceeded to strangle her with a rope. I believe State Police Officer Edward Mayfield is guilty of murder in the first degree because he had and hid the murder weapon, pulling over specifically blonde women, and he changed the activity log.

Read More
1036 Words | 5 Pages

Washington D.C. Statehood In January of 2021, Delaware Senator Tom Carper reintroduced a bill that, if passed, would have admitted D.C. as the 51st state of the United States. The United States is divided on this topic. Some people think that it should become a state because they should have rights, while others think it is unconstitutional and, many people believe that it would cause more problems than it would solve, but the weight of the conflicts are not even.

Read More

More about Essay On United States Vs Virginia

Related Topics

Open Document