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Was Tsar Nicholas Responsible For The Collapse Of The Romanov Dynasty?

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Whether Tsar Nicholas II was responsible for the collapse of the Romanov Dynasty is a question many historians have posed. There are numerous facts and sources that point towards ‘yes’, but maybe it was a long time coming or other factors were involved. The Romanov reign began in 1613 with Tsar Mikhail Fyodorovich. Notable members of the family include Peter the Great, Catherine the Great and Alexander II. This Romanov family tree shows the great scale of the line, starting from Tsar Mikhail and ending with Tsar Nicholas II. Nicholas II was born Nicholay Aleksandrovich on the 6th of May 1868 (according to the old Russian calendar) or the 18th of May according to the new style calendar. He was the eldest son of Tsar Alexander III and Tsarina …show more content…

Since the majority of Russians were Orthodox, they believed that he had been appointed Tsar by God, it was his divine right, worshipping him as his own deity. Source 1 is a Russian Orthodox icon, depicting Nicholas as a saint, symbolising the country and the religion's devotion to him. But this was all about to change. So was the collapse of the Romanov Dynasty Nicholas’ fault? Starting with reasons for …show more content…

When Nicholas’ father died rather unexpectedly, he became tsar, though he was rather underprepared, knowing very little of how to run a country and how to deal with social and economic problems. Source 6 is a quote from Nicholas himself: ‘I am not yet ready to be Tsar. I know nothing of the business of ruling’. At least he’s self aware. Nicholas was probably following along the previous tsar’s footsteps and modeling his rulings based on them, in regards to policies. Maybe he thought that by copying other successful tsars he could be one too. He much preferred spending time with his wife and children, a devoted ‘family man’, as shown in source 7, a royal portrait. The Russian economy was also declining and crumbling because of factors out of his control such as a series of failed crop seasons, which caused a lack of food sources, leading to inflation. There were also some political factors which may have led to the end of the dynasty, like the faulty legal system, which had no formal court of appeals who could look at and assess the Tsar’s laws. I also find it hard to believe that one person alone could cause such a downfall of a long established line of rulers, after all there were plenty equally, if not more, incompetent Romanov tsars who didn’t cause the collapse of the family. Historian Robert K. Massie, author of Nicholas and Alexandra, seems to have a more extremist view on this take in source 8: “Peter, who broke his enemies on the rack

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Nicholas II was extremely strict when it came to his government and as a result forbade any form of democracy in Russia and imposed absolute autocracy on all the citizens. His domestic policy was so strict political parties were illegal to form and he even made the Okhrana, a secret police that arrested and imprisoned any political critics, rebels, or those who voiced a negative opinion against the Russian autocracy. As a result, the citizens, especially those of lower class, despised the government and would often attempt to revolt. However, since the revolts were unorganized and ineffective, Nicholas II was able to end them very swiftly. After the defeat in the Russo-Japanese War in 1905, Russia suffered extreme humiliation as well as economic decline.

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Similar to the Tsars before him, Stalin caused the death of anyone who opposed his way of ruling, especially the Kulaks. He violated the rights of the people by launching an extensive campaign on deporting ethnic groups that opposed his leadership. Stalin’s years of “great terror” through much unneeded purges caused him to more and more act as a “Red Tsar”. The only difference was Stalin was ruling under Marxist ideologies with communism being the end result as opposed to adherence to the Russian Orthodox Church. However, just like Stalin, Alexander II was very similar in that the secret police was at the centre of dealing with outside issues towards his power.

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Nicholas II’s inability to respond to or embrace change was the determining factor in the decline of the Romanov Dynasty. To what extent is this statement accurate? Introduction: The inability of Tsar Nicholas 11 to respond to or embrace political and social change during a time of crisis contributed significantly to the collapse of the Romanov rule over Russia.

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With no signs of the czar’s attempt to solve the complications, Russia banded together and filled the streets with strikes and riots. A revolution was peaking among the peasants. The uprising brought Nicholas ll no choice but to abdicate his throne. This was an opportunity

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Nicholas II was not the one fully to blame for his lack of experience and bad judgement. His father, Alexander III, thought his son was too immature to train for becoming a leader. Here is a quote by Alexander III being recited: “Nicholas is young and strong although he is too immature to handle the rigorous training needed to become the next ruler.” Due to no training being applied to Nicholas, he rose to power after taking over his father’s power in 1894 as a very inexperienced ruler. He also did not make a good impression on the people of Russia as his wife, Princess Alix of Hesse was German, and she was not accepted amongst the Russian people.

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The “Student Resources in Context” article entitled “Nicholas II” begins with a some facts about Nicholas II and his reign along with a brief timeline of his life. The article then sets up Nicholas II’s reign explaining the situation Russia was in and the death of his father. It then describes all the negative qualities of Nicholas II at that point that contributed to his eventual failure in ruling Russia. Immediately into Nicholas II’s reign at his coronation ceremony disaster ensued as members huge crowd trampled each other trying to get food. Nicholas refused to give up any of his power and Russia rushed into a war against Japan which brought Russia far more pain.

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During his reign, he established churches and universities and enforced compulsory education so that his people could be educated and help in the development of Russia. One of the major changes in Russian culture was the shaving of the beards. He wanted to import western manners, dress and style into Russian society. Therefore, when he returned from the west, he demanded that beards be cut and foreign dress be worn.

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The Rurik dynasty ended in disarray, and the civil turmoil that followed precipitated the beginning of the Romanov dynasty. As explained in the video analysis of the Romanov family’s demise, the death of Fyodor I, the last ruler of the Rurik dynasty in 1598, brought on a 15 year period of chaos and madness in Russia (Downfall of the Romanov Family). Additionally, this 15 year period was called The Time of Troubles where foreign interventions, peasant uprisings, political disputes caused social and economic disruptions which threatened the survival of the state (Downfall of the Romanov Family). Ivan the Terrible’s brutal actions formed the basis of the Romanov dynasty. When Ivan the Terrible murdered his son and unborn grandson, he died without an heir, which resulted in the formation of a new dynasty– the Romanov dynasty.

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The Russian Revolution could have been halted or prevented if, in early times, Russia was given a czar with more experience

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