What Are The Four Genetic Codes

Genetic codes are set of codes in which the information coded within the genetic material is translated in to protein by the living cells in our body. The genetic code is triplet code and here twenty different types of amino acid are used to make protein and must code for all twenty. In the singlet code the base codes for one amino acid. Four bases A, G, C, T would code with four amino acid. In a doublet code two of the bases would code with one amino acid which will make sixteen amino acids which will be coded for it. This is insufficient for twenty amino acid. A triplet code uses three bases and this produces sixty four combinations for twenty amino acid which is enough for twenty different amino acid. The genetic code degenerate shows there

Transcription happens in the nucleolus of the nucleus. The part of the chromosome with the significant gene dips into the nucleolus and this is the part containing many RNA. The gene then unzips and unwinds from its zip because the Hydrogen bonds have been broken down between the nucleotide. The RNA that are free line up in one chain of DNA which is known as the template strand and they make hydrogen bond which is temporary with their complementary bases. Adenine from RNA pairs with Thymine from DNA, Guanine from RNA pairs with cytosine from DNA, Uracil from RNA pairs with adenine from DNA and this reaction is catalyzed from RNA polymerase enzyme. Ribosome RNA (rRNA) are joined by enzyme polymerize in the condensation reaction. Sugars and phosphate of RNA nucleotides bond together and this forms a polynucleotide chain which is single and the chain is complementary to the DNA template strand. Which means that it is a copy of the other DNA strand the coding strand because carries a copy the of information from the DNA coding strand for certain sequence of amino acid to make certain protein. A triplet of bases that codes from the mRNA is called a codon. This piece of mRNA can now be broken away from its

In this process protein is synthesized from the information contained from messenger RNA. In this process mRNA I read using genetic code and this is a rule as how the mRNA is to be translated into 20 letter code of amino acid. Before the process can take place certain amino acids are attached to their corresponding tRNA. Each of the ribosome contains two subunit, so the length of mRNA binds with a ribosome so two codons are attached to small subunit. The first mRNA codon that is exposed is always AUG methionine and tRNA with corresponding anticodon UAC whichforms hydrogen bond and to do this; energy from ATP and catalyst enzymes is required. A second tRNA brings a different amino acid and the anticodon on the tRNA temporarily binds to the second codon on the small subunit. The anti codon on the tRNA will bond to its complementary codon on the mRNA only. The anticodon UAC from tRNA binds with AUG from mRNA. This now means that 2 amino acids are side by side and peptide bond forms between them forming dipetide. Then another enzyme which present in the subunit of the ribosome catalyzes the reaction. The ribosome moves along the mRNA so two and three codons are exposed to subunit. A third tRNA brings the third amino acid and a peptide bond is formed. Then the first tRNA leaves as it’s free to go and collect another amino acid of the same type to the ribosome. This process continues till a stop codon is reached and a polypeptide chain is