What Does Kipling Mean By 'A Female Of The Species'?

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Rudyard Kipling’s poem The Female of the Species has had a great cultural impact, with the title and refrain “The female of the species is more deadly than the male” being seen widely throughout popular culture since its first publication in the Morning Post in 1911. Whilst the poem has been lauded for the presentation of women having “A greater adventurous spirit and more courage than the man,” [1] when one looks deeper Kipling’s distinctly Victorian views of the female of the species are brought to light.
The Female of the Species portrays a world where women remain the property of men. Throughout the poem, the phrase “The Woman that God gave him” is repeated; the use of male possessive pronouns in reference to the female establishes a continuation …show more content…

The message even appears conflicting in some lines, where men know that “The woman that God gave him isn’t his to give away” – in contrast to the possessive pronouns, the female autonomy to choose to whom she is given, rather than her father’s or brothers’ is noted, but it is questionable whether Kipling truly believed in female autonomy or whether he meant that it is God’s right to give away a woman, and not mans’. Keating notes that Kipling “Seems never to have believed that universal suffrage was …show more content…

The use of violent imagery and alliteration in “White-hot… Wild… Warring” also emphasises the women’s dangerous nature. The titular refrain “The female of the species is more deadly than the male” comes and goes throughout the poem, and changes often when it is included. The irregularity of the refrain can be read as being a metaphor for how unpredictably vicious woman can apparently be, with “Speech that drips, corrodes, and poisons… [Until] the victim writhes in anguish.” The fact that the women of The Female of the Species have no room for mercy means that man “Dares not leave a place for her” in power. The word “Dares” creates the idea that women given power would attempt to solve all problems with violence, as opposed to using “Suave discussion,” like Kipling’s men